CLINICO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PATTERN OF CANINE DISTEMPER IN DOGS OF JAMMU
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Date
2017
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Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu
Abstract
Studies on clinico-epidemiological pattern of canine distemper in dogs of Jammu were conducted during May, 2016 to April, 2017. 38 conjunctival swab samples from dogs showing clinical signs suggestive of canine distemper were subjected to on spot commercial CDV Antigen test kit with a positivity of 47.36 percent. Age wise prevalence was 61.11 percent in 0-6 months of age and 38.88 percent in dogs > 6 months of age with no significant difference amongst sex. Breed wise, non-descript dogs had highest prevalence of 65 percent. The prevalence of the disease was highest during winter season with 63.15 percent. Majority (50%) of the dogs infected with canine distemper were unvaccinated. Systemic involvement revealed mixed form of the disease involving one or more systems with gastrointestinal (50%), respiratory and cutaneous (33.33% each) whereas ocular and nervous system involvement was seen in all the 18 dogs under study. Major clinical signs reported were nasal discharge, occular discharge, biphasic fever, vomition coupled with diarrhea. Temporal muscle twitching (94.44%), eye clonus (72.22%), paddling movement (50%), champing of jaw (38.88%) followed by salivation and frothing in mouth (22.22% each) and involuntary urination (16.66%) were the important nervous manifestations observed. Clinico-hematological profile of CDV infected dogs revealed statistically significant decrease in haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total erythrocytic count, total leucocyte count and platelet count. Differential leucocyte count revealed lymphopenia with relative neutrophilia. Haemato-biochemical profile showed hyponatremia, hypokalaemia with decrease in total serum albumin, blood glucose and an increase in BUN values. Comparable increase in mean values of AST and ALT was also recorded. Significant reduction in nervous signs was seen in the mean values of clinical score calculated on severity of nervous signs following treatment T1 (phenobarbiturate) as compared to treatment T2 (trihexyphenidyl) along-with other need based conventional symptomatic therapy.
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