Biology and Chemcial Control of Semi-Looper, Achaea Mercatoria Fabricius (Noctuidae : Catocaline [M. Honey (NHM) det.] : Lepidoptera) on Sapota, Manilkara achras (Mill.) Fosberg
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Date
2000-12
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Agricultural Entomology Department, N. M. College of Agriculture, Gujarat Agricultural University
Abstract
In the study of biology of Achaea mercatoria Fabricius on
sapota, the eggs were found to be laying singly on the lower as well as
on the upper surface of leaves. Freshly laid eggs were bluish grey in
colour which changed to light brown after one day and became dark
brown prior to hatching. Eggs were hemispherical with upper surface
convex and lower surface concave with numerous ridges and furrows
running from one polar end to another. Average length and breadth of
egg was 0.39 ± 0.027 nun and 0.68 ± 0.057 nun, respectively. Average
incubation period and hatching percentage were 2.27 ± 0.46 days and
90.48 ± 2.42 per cent, respectively. The larval stage passed through six
instars. The average developmental period of fITst, second, third,
fourth, fifth and sixth larval instar was 2.96 ± 0.20, 2.04 ± 0.20,2.08 ±
0.28, 2.16 ± 0.37,2.64 ± 0.49 and 5.32 + 0.48 days, respectively. Total
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larval developmental period was on an average 17.20 ± 0.71 days.
Average duration of prepupal and pupal period were 2.12 ± 0.33 and
19.48 ± 0.59 days, respectively.
The female and male adults measured on an average 22.0 ±
0.87 mm and 25.60 ± 1.15 mm in length and 50.26 -+ 1.03 mm and
54.52 ± 1.40 mm in breadth across the expanded wings, respectively.
The average pre-oviposition, oviposition and post-oviposition period
was 2.22 ± 0.46, 5.00 ± 0.76 and 3.04 ± 0.89 days, respectively.
Average egg laying capacity of female was 272.55 ± 40.34 eggs. The
average longevity of female and male was 10.32 ± 1.03 and 9.0 ± 0.82
days, respectively. Total life cycle occupied 39 to 45 days (Average
42.40 ± 1.50 days) in case of female and 38 to 44 days (Average 41.08
+ 1.38 days) in case of male.
The pest remained active from last week of March to
second week of June and first week of April to third week of May
during 1999-2000 and 2000-2001, respectively. The result on per cent
damage leaves showed that the maximum per cent damage leaves were
recorded in third week of May during 1999-2000, while during
2000-200 I it was maximum in the fourth week of May and thereafter it
declined.
Evaluation of various insecticides, indicated that nurelle
Dsos 0.055 per cent, profenofos 0.075 per cent, carbosulfan 0.05 per
cent, lambda-cyhalothrin 0.005 per cent, spark 0.036 · per cent,
endosulfan 0.075 per cent, fenobucarb 0.1 per cent, polytrin-C404 0.044
per cent were found to be the most effective in control of the larva,
A. mercatoria in field conditions. The various insecticides were
evaluated on the basis of per cent damage leaves, it was indicated that
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profenofos 0.075 per cent, carbosulfan 0.05 per cent, nurelle D505 0.055
per cent, spark 0.036 per cent, endosulfan 0.075 per cent,
lambda-cyhalothrin 0.005 per cent, fenobucarb 0.1 per cent and
polytrin-C404 0.044 per cent were found to be the most effective
treatments in recording minimum per cent of damage leaves.
The result of laboratory trial on bio-efficacy of different
insecticides against larvae of A. mercatoria revealed that profenofos
0.075 per cent, carbosulfan 0.05 per cent, endosulfan 0.075 per cent,
spark 0.036 per cent and fenobucarb 0.1 per cent were found to be the
best in giving higher larval mortality. Polytrin-C404 0.044 per cent and
nurelle D505 0.055 per cent were at par with each other and stood next
to above mentioned treatments.
Among plant leaves extracts, kadvi mahendi leaves
(c. inerme) extract 5 per cent suspension and naffatia leaves
(/. fistulosa) extract 5 per cent suspension were found to be the best
treatment giving higher larval mortality .
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Citation
NILESHKUMAR VITHALBHAI PATEL_32577