GENETIC VARIABILITY AND DIVERSITY IN ONION (Allium cepa L.)
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Date
2013-07
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University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2012-13 to study the genetic
variability, correlation, path coefficient analysis and genetic diversity for growth,
bulb, quality and nutrient composition related characters in onion (Allium cepa L.)
with forty four genotypes in randomized block design with three replications.
The quantum of genetic variation as indicated by the higher values of genotypic
co-efficient of variation (GCV) was highest in magnesium, bolting per cent followed
by bulb splitting per cent. However, days to 50 per cent neck fall to be the character
with least GCV as compared to the other characters. Moderate heritability with
moderate genetic advance was reported for the growth parameters whereas, for leaf
length and days to 50 per cent neck fall were with moderate heritability and low
genetic advance. The high heritability with high genetic advance for all the bulb
related traits except neck thickness it is having moderate heritability and high genetic
advance. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for the
traits of average bulb weight, bulb yield, dry matter content and nutrient composition
traits viz., calcium, magnesium, fibre and vitamin C. The character association studies
revealed that bulb yield showed positive and significant correlation with growth
related as well as bulb related trait. Results of path analysis reveal that neck thickness,
pyruvic acid, calcium, fibre, vitamin C and average bulb weight were showed the
desirable positive and high direct effect on bulb yield. Mahalanobis D2 analysis
indicated considerable diversity and 44 genotypes were grouped into 11 clusters.
The cluster VII showed maximum intra cluster diversity. Inter cluster distance
revealed the maximum divergence between clusters VI and IX. Total soluble solids
contributed maximum to overall genetic diversity. Present study it can be concluded
that these genotypes OG-1 and OG-43 recorded higher yield and found superior over
all other genotypes.
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