DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF BER FRUIT (ZIZYPHUS MAURITIANA L.) IN JAMMU
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Date
2001
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Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu
Abstract
Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana L.) also known as poor man's apple is extensively grown urider dry, kandi, water stress conditions. The fruit is harvested during spring months depending upon the variety and the locality. In Jammu it occupies acount 5700 ha with a production of 1025 tonns annually. Some choice varieties of ber are also procured from out side the slate for consumption in Jammu region. Since no plant protection measures are adopted in managing tbie disease problem in ber, it is commonly observed that a number of diseases and disorders occur in ber fruit during development, at harvest and also during post-harvest handling which reduce the crop returns, during the present investigation (Rabi 2000) status of various diseases and disorders of ber on rice and at harvest, the symptom spectrum, causal organism(s) involved and the nature of damage has been investigated. Prevalence of diseases and disorders in ber fruit on tree in 13 localities of Jammu and Kathua district reveal that the percent diseases and disorders ranged from 58.02 to 100. The disease symptoms on fruits include powdery mildew, fruit rot and fruit spot and the disorders include blemish, abrasion, discoloration, cracking, shrunken, russeting and immature, incidence of powdery mildew ranged from 2.53 to 82.65 per cent cut of six localities, where the diseases was observed. Out of six localities the per cent mean incidence of rot ranged from 2.46 to 16.4. Per cent mean incidence of fruits spot ranged from 4.93 to 19.53 out of only 5 localities; on the other hand the prevalence of blemishes was observed only in one location (8.59 per cent); abrasions at three locations ranging from 5.4 to 34.28 per cent; discoloration at three locations ranging from 5.06 to 6.75 per cent; cracking from twelve locations ranging from 11.53 to 48.57 per cent; shrunken fruits from ten locations ranging from 3.69 to 29.31 per cent; russeting from twelve locations ranging from 4.93 to 45.94 per cent and immature fruits from two locations ranging from 5.54 to 35.25 per cent.
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No. of references 66