COMBINING ABILITY, HETEROSIS, STABILITY AND MOLECULAR DIVERSITY STUDIES IN CASTOR (Ricinus communis L.)
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Date
2014-08-30
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The present investigation was envisaged to study diversity among advanced breeding lines, estimation of combining ability and magnitude of heterosis and to select stable hybrids suitable for cultivation in different agro climatic situations. Material for diversity study comprised of 51 advanced breeding lines obtained from DOR, Hyderabad. The experiment was laid out at MARS, Raichur during kharif 2012 with randomized block design with two replications. The genotypes were grouped into three clusters based on the D2 values. Cluster I was the largest with 49 genotypes, cluster II and cluster III were solitary clusters. Plant height up to primary spike contributed 26.67% to the total divergence. These genotypes were evaluated for wilt resistance by root dip inoculation technique. Out of fifty two entries tested, two entries viz., SKP-84 and RG2661 recorded less than 10 per cent wilt incidence, seventeen entries showed moderately resistant reaction and the rest of the entries were found susceptible. In order to estimate combing ability and magnitude of heterosis and stability a total of 80 hybrids were produced using 10 lines and eight testers. The eighty hybrids were raised along with their parents and two checks viz., DCH-177 and DCH-519 in a randomized block design with two replications during kharif 2103 at MARS, Raichur, ARS, Dhadesugur and DOR, Hyderabad. The parents NES-6 and DCS-94 and K11-1135-1 are good general combiners for earliness in all the environments. The parent DCS-17 displayed consistency for general combining ability in all the three environments for yield per plant. The hybrids L9 x T8, L10 x T1, L5 x T5 and L5 x T6 had high mean and positive sca effects and significant heterosis for seed yield in all three environments. The lines NES-6, DCS-106 and DCS-78 and testers K11-1063-1 and K11-1166-1 were stable genotypes for most of the traits. The crosses L10 x T3 and L10 x T6 showed stability for yield per pant and effective raceme length. In order to assess molecular diversity among the parental lines 30 EST-SSR primers were used of which 25 markers had produced Cluster I, II and III consists of eight, eight and two parents respectively.. The results justifies that parents used for hybridisation in present study were genetically diverse.
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