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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Author: Samantajit Mayengbam, KAU × Start date: 2000 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Management of Non-Performing Assets Of Commercial Banks : A Case Study Of The South Indian Bank Limited
    (Department of Rural Bank and Finance Management, College of Cooperation Banking and Management,Vellanikkara, 2000) Samantajit Mayengbam, KAU; Molly Joseph
    The study entitled "Management of Non - Performing Assets of Commercial Banks - A Case Study of The South Indian Bank Limited" was conducted with the following objectives. i) To assess the volume and composition of Non- Performing Assets (NPAs) of South Indian Bank Ltd.(SIB) ii) To identify the major determinants of NPAs and iii) To examine the existing institutional arrangements for reducinz and recovering NP As. The study was confined to the Trichur Region of the Bank. Out of the 57 branches of the Region, five were selected for the study. The sample frame comprised of 150 respondents belonging to agriculture, retail trade/ small business, professional/ self employed, miscellaneous (trade/general) and other non - priority. The first three sectors constitute priority sector and the last two non - priority sector. Both primary and secondary data were used for the study. Primary data were collected by means of a pre-tested interview schedule from the 150 respondents whereas secondary data for the period 1994 - 1999 were collected/compiled from various published sources. The study has revealed that the 27 Public Sector Banks (PSBS) as a group with nearly 90 per cent of the NPAs is the largest contributor of the NPAs of the commercial banks of the country. The 19 . nationalised banks contribute to more than 60 per cent of the total NP As of the PSBs. The three nationalised banks which are identified as weak bank by Varma Committee, viz., Indian Bank, uca Bank and United Bank of India contribute to 22.86 per cent of the total NPAs of the nationalised banks. The NP A level of the commercial banks of India when compared to some of the developed countries 'are very high. The expeditious recovery measure due to stringent bankruptcy and foreclosure laws in other countries are the reasons behind this. From the analysis of the NP As of the seven Kerala based banks, it is seen that the only PSB, i.e., SBT have a very high share to the total NPAs of the Kerala based banks and out of the remaining six Kerala based private sector banks Federal Banb has the highest share. But the share of net NP A to net advance is the lowest for Federal Bank in 1998. Non - priority sector have a much larger share of advances and gross NP As when compared to the priority sector for PSBs. But the percentage of sectoral gross NPAs to sectoral gwss advances is lower for non - priority sector in the case of PSBs. For PSBs, Doubtful Assets consti~ the major portion of the NPAs. This is in contrast to that of SIB where sub-standard assets constitute major portion of the NPAs. 11 Region wise analysis of the net advances and net NPAs of SIB reveals that the inside Kerala Regions are functioning better than the outside Kerala Regions. Mumbai Region is the highest contributor of the NP As of the Bank. Chennai and Coimbatore Regions also have high share of NP As to the total NP As of the Bank. Therefore, if the NP As of the outside Kerala Regions can be brought down than the NPA level of the Bank can be decreased drastically. The major determinants of NP As as identified from the study in order of priority are less return / failure of the venture, wilful defaulters, misutilisation/ diversion of loans, insufficient loan amount/ loan from other sources, high rate of interest/high instalment amount and ploughing back of return. The frequency of visits of the bankers to the place of business of the borrowers can certainly bring down the number of accounts from becoming NPAs. Even in the existing NPA accounts of the Bank, a considerable amount can be realised through compwmise/ negotiation/ nursing, since a major portion of the NPAs of the Bank are in the sub-standard category. The present legal system in India is customer friendly and not banker friendly. A change in this is urgently required, along with earnest attempts from the bankers' side right from appraisal of loan application. The considerable reduction in the NPAs of the Trichur Region of the SIB may be attributed to the efforts of the Bank in this direction. 1Il