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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Author: KAU × Author: Makkena, Jyothi × Start date: 1991 × Thesis Type: M.Tech ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Modelling the hydrology of watershed by using HEC-HMS
    (Kelappaji College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Tavanur, 2016) Makkena, Jyothi; KAU; Vishnu, B
    A hydrological model is a commonly used tool to estimate the hydrological response of a watershed to precipitation. Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) is a physically based semi-distributed hydrologic modelling software developed by the Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC) of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. It is designed to simulate the complete hydrologic processes of dendritic watershed systems under various widely varying geographic conditions. HEC-HMS is widely used and includes both traditional hydrologic analysis procedures such as event infiltration, unit hydrographs, and hydrologic routing as well as continuous simulation procedures including evapotranspiration, snowmelt, and soil moisture accounting. It can be used in conjunction with other software for studies of water availability, urban drainage, flow forecasting, future urbanization impact, reservoir spillway design, flood damage reduction, floodplain regulation, and systems operation. In the present study, Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) is calibrated and validated for Thuthapuzha sub basin of Bharathapuzha river basin in Kerala. The input data required for the model like precipitation, meteorological parameters, river discharge, soil characteristics, land use characteristics and topographical characteristics of the study area were collected from various agencies like Central Water Commission (CWC), Kerala State Land Use Board (KSLUB), RARS Pattambi and the Bhuvan geo-data portal of National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC). The model performance of the calibrated HEC-HMS model for Thuthapuzha watershed was evaluated using the statistics -Nash Sutcliffe- model efficiency criterion, coefficient of determination and simulated time to peak. The analysis showed that CN, and lag time are the most sensitive parameters for the simulation of stream flow. The Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (E) was (0.77-0.8) and (0.86-0.88) and the coefficient of determination was (0.82- 0.91) and (0.91-0.93) before and after the calibration respectively, indicating the good performance of the model.