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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Author: Jeba Sujana, Dhas × Author: KAU × Start date: 2005 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Fertility trials on induced oestrum in repeat breeding cattle with prolonged oestrum
    (Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2005) Jeba Sujana, Dhas; KAU; Aravinda Ghosh, K N
    The objective of the present study is to evaluate the fertility in repeat breeding cattle with prolonged oestrum after oestrus induction and subsequent treatment with GnRH and hCG. Detailed data of cross bred cows and heifers belonging to University Livestock Farm, Mannuthy and those presented at Artificial Insemination Centre, attached to the Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy were collected. Repeat breeding animals with a history of prolonged oestrum were randomly selected and allotted into four groups of ten animals in each. Group I repeat breeding animals were subjected to induction of oestrus using 25 mg dinoprost, a PGF2 alpha analogue (Lutalyse) and insemination was done twice at an interval of 24 h on detection of proper signs of oestrum. In group II, oestrus induction was done using 25 mg Dinoprost on tenth day of cycle and 10 μg Buserelin a GnRH analogue (Receptal) was administered 48 h after PGF2 alpha administration. In group III, oestrus was induced using 25 mg Dinoprost on tenth day of cycle and 1500 IU hCG (Chorulon) was administered 48 h after PGF2 alpha administration. Both group II and III repeat breeding animals were inseminated twice at an interval of 24 h on detection of proper signs of oestrum. Group IV repeat breeding animals were subjected to insemination during natural oestrum. A total of 817 animals were screened of which 21.91 per cent animals were repeat breeders, out of which 26.26 per cent animals showed prolongation of oestrual signs. Among the 193 farm animals investigated, 19.17 per cent were repeaters out of which 21.62 per cent of animals showed prolonged oestrum. The duration of prolonged oestrum ranged from 32 to 96 h with a mean of 65.65  2.57 h. Out of 40 repeat breeding animals showing prolonged oestrum selected for the study, 35 per cent animals exhibited oestrus length between 30-48 h, 45 per cent between 48-72 h, and 20 per cent between 72 and 96 h. The intensity of oestrum was found to be higher in 77.5 per cent, medium in 20 per cent and low in 2.5 per cent animals. All the 30 repeat breeding animals in group I, II, III subjected to PGF2 alpha administration responded to the treatment by exhibiting oestrus signs, and hence the efficacy was 100 per cent. The time taken for induction of oestrus in group I, II and III were 52.7  2.99 h, 51.7  2.68 h and 52.0  2.68 h respectively. The duration of oestrus in groups I, II and III were 68.6  3.75 h, 38.6  3.75 h and 37.4  3.75 h respectively. Physical changes in the reproductive tract of repeat breeding animals showing prolonged oestrum were more pronounced during natural oestrum than during induced oestrum. The conception rate during induced oestrum in group I, II, III and control group were 50, 40, 40 and 30 per cent respectively. Overall conception rate for three consecutive oestrus in group I, II, III and control group were 60, 60, 50 and 40 percentage respectively. It can be recommended that induction of oestrus using prostaglandin could be employed for enhancing the conception rate in repeat breeding animals with the history of prolonged oestrum.