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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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1971 - 197913
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Author: Gopinathan Nair, V × End date: 1979 × Start date: 1970 ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 13
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on induced mutations in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (Division of genetics and plant breeding ,Agricultural college and research institute , Coimbatore., 1971) Gopinathan Nair, V; KAU
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Anthesis in Indian lemongrass Cymbopogon Flexuosus, stapf
    (Kerala Agricultural University, 1979) Mercy, S T; Gopinathan Nair, V; Luckins C, Babu; KAU
    Studies were undertaken on the mechanism of anthesis in Indian lemongrass. An inflorescence takes 25 to 32 days for completion of anthosis. The peak period of anthesis is from the 6th day from commencement of anthesis to the 11th day. About 80% of spikes complete anthesis by the 15th day. Anthesis takes place in the morning between 7 and 8.30. !n the sessile spikelets anthesis appears earlier than its appearance in the pedicellate ones. There are four distinct stages in the anthesis of sessile spikelet which take plrce one after the other in quick succession. The most characteristic featrue of anthesis is the slight protogynous nature of the sessile spikelet. Though this is a basic adaptation for cross pollination, the large number of spikeleis opening in a short span of time indicate the possibility for self pollination under field conditions.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Interrelation of M1 chlorophyll deficient sectors and M2 chlorophyll mutations in rice
    (Kerala Agricultural University, 1979) Gopinathan Nair, V; KAU
    Studies were undertaken to correlate the Mt chlorophyll deficient sectors with Ms chlorophyll mutations in rice. Chemical mutagens induced more sectors than fast neutrons. NMH was more effective than EMS in this respect. The sectors exhibited wide variation in type, intensity and persistance. They originate in leaves and panicles quite independently. Chimeric tillers yielded more chlorophyll mutations than non-chimeric tillers. Striped panicles produced more mutants than normal panicles. Thus, sectors on panicles and spikelets give a surer indication of mutations in the M; than sectors on leaves. The sector frequency on panicles can therefore be used as a reliable estimate of mutagenic effects. Selection of M, panicles with sectors can enhance the rate of chlorophyll mutations in the Ms generation.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Tiller emergence in rice and mutation frequency in the different ear categories
    (Kerala Agricultural University, 1979) Gopinathan Nair, V; KAU
    Rice seeds were treated with two doses each of gamma rays and EMS. The tillers on Mj plants were classified according to their node positions. The frequencies of emergence for the various tiller categories were estimated. The M2 generation was raised as M! ear progenies. Chlorophyll mutation frequency and segregation ratio were estimated in the different ear categories. The frequencies of emergence for the various categories of tillers were different. The main shoot developed with the highest frequency followed by the primaries and the secondaries. Tillers in the axils of the coleoptile and the first primary leaf did not normally develop. The frequency of emergence of primary tillers increased upto the fourth and thereafter giadual'y decreased. Early primaries developed more secondaries than later ones. Mutation frequency of the main ear did not differ appreciably from that of primary ears Secondary groups (4) and (5) mutated more frequently than the respective primaries. The segregation ratios for the main ear and primaries were mostly similar. The ratios for the secondaries were higher. This high segregation ratio indicates that secondary ears are derived from smaller number of initial cells.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Gamma ray induced viable mutations in sesamum
    (Kerala Agricultural University, 1978) Ramachandran Nair, N; Gopinathan Nair, V
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Enhancement of the mutagenic effects of nitroso methyl urea in rice through alteration in the period of presoaking of seeds
    (Kerala Agricultural University, 1978) Gopinathan Nair, V; KAU
    The effect of presoaking seeds on sensitivity and mutation frequency in rjce was studied. Treatments were given in 3 series le. with 3 doses of M«/JLJ Each series consisted of 11 different periods of presoaking in range of 8 to 48 hours. Mutagenic effects were estimated in the M, and M. generations and interpreted. Sensitivity to NMH increased with the length of presoaking and reached a maximum at 32 hours. There was a decrease in sensitivity when presoaking was extended beyond this period. The time specificity of the sensitivity peak was independant of the dose of mutagen and the criteria adopted for its estimation. The peak period of sensitivity corresponds to the time of DMA synthesis in the initial cciis It appears that the first DMA synthesis in the initial cells is responsible for the peak sensitivity at 32 hours presoaking. The frequency of chlorophyll mutations increased with the length of presoaking reaching a maximum at 40 to 44 hours. Conspicuous increase were obtained during the periods 16 to 20 hours and 24 to 28 hours. The enhanced efficiency during the 16 to 28 hour period can be attributed to the synchronisation of treatment time with the 'S' phase of DMA synthesis. The spectrum of mutations indicated predominance of albino, viridis and chlorina. Xantha and tigrina were very rare and appeared only from 20 hours onwards. The increase in relative per cent of albino with the length of presoaking and the late appearance of Xantha and tigrina were the characteristic features of the mutation spectrum. The change in spectrum with different periods of presoaking indicate scope for further efforts towards attaining mutation specificity.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Effect of recurrent and alternate mutagenic treatments in rice
    (Kerala Agricultural University, 1978) Gopinathan Nair, V; KAU
    The effects of repeated mutagenic treatment in the M2- and M3- gene. ation* in rice are reported. Recurrent irradiation with gamma rays and alternate treatment with gamma rays and NMH, neither increased the sensitivity of seeds r enhanced the frequency of induced chlorophyll mutations. This indicate that e inspite of its secondary polyploid nature behaves like a diploid in its reppo to the action of mutagens.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Mutagenic efficiency of gamma rays in sesamum
    (Kerala Agricultural University, 1977) Ramachandran Nair, N; Gopinathan Nair, V; KAU
    Seeds of sesamum Cv. Kayamkulam-l were irradiated with gamma rays at doses 5 to 30 krad. The effects of irradiation in the M and M, generations were studied. The doses employed had no effect on germination, seedling emergence and plant height in the M, generation. With increase in the dose there was a steady decrease in survival and pollen fertility. The frequency of chlorophyll mutation estimated on M, plant basis was higher than the estimate on !V plant basis The mutation spectrum included xantha (yellow) and chlorina (yellow green). Segregation ratio was maximum at 10 krad and minimum at 25 krad. Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency were high at the lower doses and decreased with increasing doses. These observations indicate that gamma rays at low fo medium doses can be successfully employed for inducing mutations in sesamum.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Embryonic differentiation in rice seeds as revealed in mutational analysis
    (Kerala Agricultural University, 1976) Gopinathan Nair, V; KAU