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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Author: Gopinathan Nair, V × Author: KAU × Author: Krishnankutty Nair, N × End date: 1982 × Start date: 1980 ×
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Mutational analysis of embryo differentiation in rice
    (Kerala Agricultural University, 1982) Krishnankutty Nair, N; Gopinathan Nair, V; KAU
    Rice seeds were treated with two doses each of EMS and gamma rays. The tillers in the M: generation were classified according to their ontogenic relationship. The M2 generation was raised as M1 ear progenies. Seedlings were scored for chlorophyll and other seedling mutants. The cluster sharing frequencies for mutations i. e.x the frequency with which two M( ears segregated for identical mutations were determined by pair wise comparisons. The following conclusions were drawn. The frequencies of emergence of various categories of tillers are different. Tillers in the axils of the coleoptile and the first primary leaf do not normally develop. The frequencies for primary tillers increase upto the fourth and thereafter gradually decrease. Analysis of the frequencies of cluster sharing reveals that the primary tiller prirnordia upto the fifth have already differentiated from the main shoot primordium in the rice embryo. Thus there are at least six mutally exclusive mutant sectors which do not share a mutation in common. Independent mutant sectors are not detected within primary groups. A diagramatic representation of the tillering system in rice indicating mutant clusters is presented. The diagram provides information on cluster sharing frequencies of mutations and gives an idea of the degree of differentiation in the dormant rice embryo. The present study indicates that from the point of view of recovery of mutations, it is necessary to provide optimum conditions to facilitate the development of the lower primary ears in the M, plants. It is also important to collect all the primary ears upto the fifth besides the main ear from the M1 plants for raising the M2 generation in order to recover all the mutations induced.