Thumbnail Image

Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

Browse

20211
Reset filters
Author: Dilsha, Suresh × Author: KAU × Start date: 2021 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Tech. ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Development and evaluation of a pneumatic extruder for production of fortified rice noodles (idiyappam)
    (Department of Processing and Food Engineering, KCAET, Tavanur, 2021) Dilsha, Suresh; KAU; Prince, M V
    The traditional food products of various regions are now developing into food processing business. Marketing of these kind of culinary products will enhance the more income, jobs as well as minimizes post-harvest. Traditionally rice noodles or idiyappam is prepared by pressing the rice flour water mix through the die with holes of required diameter manually. It is a time consuming and energy intensive laborious process. There are motorized idiyappam machines are available. But such motorized extruders are complicated in design, energy intensive and lacking in precision with more moving parts and associated gear mechanisms. Pneumatic engineering is based on the compressed air or compressed inert gas. In this study a pneumatic extruder was developed for the production of fortified rice noodles, which composed of frame assembly, pneumatic cylinder, compressor, air filter regulator, double solenoid valve, pneumatic pipes/tubes, pneumatic fittings, timer, flow control valve, extruder die, dough cylinder , noodle collecting plate, plate holding section and DC motor. In order to evaluate the developed system towards extrusion fortified rice noodles, the effect of process parameters which would influence the capacity, energy and rate of extrusion such as pneumatic pressure of 600, 700 and 800 kPa, speed of the piston 0.05,0.06 and 0.07 m/s, jackfruit seed flour proportion in the blend of 5, 8 and 11% were studied. Physical properties, cooking properties, nutritional profile and sensory scores were analysed. The optimised operating condition of pneumatic pressure, speed of the piston and jackfruit seed flour proportion in the blend were found to be of 800 kPa, 0.07 m/s, 5 % respectively. From this study, it may be derived that the jackfruit seed flour fortified rice idiyappam prepared through the pneumatic extruder developed under this study at optimised operating condition of 800 kPa of pneumatic pressure, speed of the piston 0.07 m/s and 5% fortification of jackfruit seed flour in the rice powder resulted in production of higher capacity of noodles at lower energy level and higher rate of extrusion. These noodles were found to be on par with cooking and physico-chemical qualities, nutritionally rich and organoleptically superior with that of traditionally prepared rice idiyappam.