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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Author: Akhila, J Chand × Author: KAU × Start date: 2016 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Tech. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on pulsed electric field assisted extraction of anthocyanin from jamun
    (Department of Processing and Food Engineering, Tavanur, 2019) Akhila, J Chand; KAU; Prince, M V
    Colour is considered as one of the major quality parameter of food. Anthocyanins are water soluble pigments after chlorophylls and impart red to blue colours to various fruits, vegetables and storage organs. Jamun is one of the under processed minor fruit found commonly in different parts of Indian continent. It is a rich source of anthocyanin. Conventional methods of extraction of anthocyanin is less productive and the extracted product is inferior in quality. In this study pulsed electric field assisted extraction was carried out with an objective of increasing the yield and quality parameter. A pulsed electric field system was developed to carry out pretreatment prior to extraction. The developed system consists of an outer protective chamber, inlet unit, pulse generating system, treatment chamber, display unit and cooling system. Pulse generating system consists of a Line Output Transformer, micro controller and filter unit. The treatment chamber consists of electrodes and isolated feedback circuit. In order to evaluate the developed system towards extraction of anthocyanin from Jamun, the process variables such as electric field strengths of 5, 10, 15kV/cm, pulse frequencies of 60, 80 and 100 pulses/s and treatment time of 2, 3 and 4 minutes were selected and the results were compared with conventional extraction. The results were then analysed statistically for optimization of the process parameters. The optimized conditions of electric field strength, pulse frequency and treatment time were found to be 9.47 kV/cm, 60 pulses/s and 2.24 minutes. The quality parameters of PEF assisted extracted anthocyanin such as anthocyanin yield, antioxidant activity, colour values and refractive index were 11.9mg/100 of sample, 97.2%, L value of 2.1, a* value of 2.36, b* value of -2.23 and 1.38 respectively whereas, the same for conventional extraction process were 10mg/100g of sample, 82.3%, L value of 3.1, a* value of 1.23, b* value of -1.35 and 1.37. It was concluded from the study that PEF assisted extraction resulted in higher anthocyanin yield and increased quality characteristics compared to conventional extraction process.