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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Veterinary and Animal Sciences × Author: Priya, P × End date: 2009 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation and management of glaucoma in dogs
    (College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2009) Priya, P; KAU; Syam, K Venugopal
    The efficacy of various treatments for glaucoma were studied in nine cases. Dogs presented with the ophthalmological complaints were thoroughly examined and eight dogs with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) were selected for the study. Initially medical treatment was given and for those cases which are refractory to medical treatment, surgical treatment was adopted. The medical treatment consisted of a combination of oral administration of carbonic anhydrase enzyme inhibitors and ocular instillation of beta blockers. The surgical techniques adopted was iridectomy and trabeculectomy. Both performed under general anaesthesia. Parenteral administration of antibiotics, topical instillation of polymyxin-choramphenicol eyedrops, flurbiprofen eyedrops were given on the post operative days. The incidence of glaucoma was 11% among the cases presented with the ophthalmological complaints. The dogs belonged to various breeds like Spitz, Dachshund, Labrador Retriever, Cocker Spaniel and Mongrel dogs of either sex with an average age of 8.61 years( range 3 years to 14 years). The major clinical signs observed were episcleral congestion, corneal oedema, vascularization of cornea, mydriasis, congestion of conjunctival blood vessels and buphthalmos. Medical management with oral administration of carbonic anhydrase enzyme inhibitors and beta blockers effectively reduced the IOP for short term period but in long term management they were ineffective. Panting and gastrointestinal upsets, cardiac arrhythmia were the side effects observed in animals underwent medical therapy. Surgical procedure iridectomy effectively reduced the IOP but the post operative complications like anterior synechiae and corneal oedema limited the success of this technique. Surgical procedure trabeculectomy effectively reduced the IOP without any significant post operative complications and lowering of IOP lasted for more than six months. The advantages of trabeculectomy over iridectomy were greater reduction in IOP with a clear cornea and absence of post operative complication like anterior synechiae.