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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Veterinary Surgery × Author: Archana, A × Author: KAU × End date: 2010 × Start date: 2000 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation and management of dental affections in dogs
    (Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2009) Archana, A; KAU; John Martin, K D
    The prevalence of various dental diseases among dogs and its relation with age, breed, sex and food habits were studied in dogs presented to the Veterinary College Hospitals during a period from April 2008 to December 2008 and found that 102 were affected with dental and periodontal diseases. Among of the 102 dogs affected, prevalence of dental affection noticed were dental tartar, epulis, oral ulcer and dental attrition in descending order. Incidence of dental affections was more in dogs in age group of five to eight years (45.09%), followed by one to four years (37.25%) and nine to twelve years (17.65%). The prevalence of dental disorders in different breeds were: German Shepherd Dog (26.47%), Spitz (20.59%), Dachshund(14.71%), Labrador Retriever (11.76%), Non-descript (8.82%), Doberman Pinscher (4.90%), Cocker Spaniel (3.92%), Rottweiler and Chinese Pug (1.96% each) and Boxer, Great Dane, Basset hound, Lhasa Apso and Miniature Pinscher (0.98% each). Females (51.96%) were found affected more than males (48.04%). Dental affections was found high in those dogs fed with soft diets like homemade food (71.1%), titbits (81.8%) and in those not fed bones (78.72%). Out of 102 dogs with dental affections, 24 cases were randomly selected for detailed study. The dogs were belonged to various breeds like Spitz, Cocker Spaniel, Labrador Retriever, German Shepherd Dog, Non - descript, Doberman Pinscher, Dachshund, Boxer and Miniature pinscher of either sex (16 females and 8 males), with an average age of 5.79 ± 0.66 years. The clinical condition included dental tartar (79.17%), epulis (12.5 %) and Oral ulcer (8.33%). The most predominant bacteria isolated by the culture of gingival sulcus swabs were Gram-negative cocco-bacillary organisms (71.43%) followed by Gram positive cocci (28.57%). The former were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, cefotaxime and the latter to amoxycillin, ampicillin and enrofloxacin. Successful medical treatment was given for two cases with gingivitis and ulceration of buccal mucosa using an antibiotic, orally and intra oral application of metronidazole gel. Two cases of gingival tumour were treated with vincristine, but no response was noticed. Surgical techniques included ultrasonic dental scaling, exodontia and surgical excision of tumour was performed under general anaesthesia. Dogs with severe gingivitis, halitosis and dental calculus were effectively treated with ultrasonic dental scaling followed by oral and local administration of antibiotics. Exodontia was performed in three cases in which the tooth was shaky and with furcation exposure. One case of gingival tumour case treated with surgical excision with cryodestruction, showed recurrence of tumor after three weeks.