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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Veterinary Surgery × Author: Anoop, S × End date: 2001 × Start date: 2000 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Management of tibial fractures in dogs using plaster of paris cast and modified thomas splint
    (Department of Surgery, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2001) Anoop, S; KAU; Balagopalan, T P
    The study was undertaken with the objectives of 1. Assessing the healing process based on clinical symptoms, biochemical parameters and radiography of the affected part after immobilization of tibial fractures with plaster of Paris cast and modified Thomas splint. 2. Assessing the effect of electrodiagnostic procedures on healing of fracture of tibia in dogs. The study was conducted in twelve selected clinical cases of fracture of tibia in dogs of either sex presented to the Department of Surgery. These animals were randomly divided into two groups (group 1 and group 11) consisting of six animals each. All the animals were examined clinically and radiographically and observations were recorded. They were premedicated with Atropine sulphate (0.04 mg/kg body weight) intramuscular followed by xylazine hydrochloride (1 mg/kg body weight) intramuscular. The fracture was reduced by closed method in all the animals. The limb was immobilized by application of modified Thomas Splint in Group 1 and by application of plaster of Paris cast in group 11. History and observations on clinical and physiological parameters, haemogram, serum constituents, radiography of the limb and electrodiagnostic procedures were recorded in all the animals on the day of presentation and at the end of first week, second week, third week and sixth week after immobilization. All the animals were kept under observation for a period of six weeks. Though 30 per cent of the animals in each group started bearing weight on the affected limb by the end of first week, fracture instability and other associated symptoms persisted relatively more in animals of group 1. At the end of second week, the symptoms of fractures except oedema were found to be persisting in more number of animals belonging to group 1 due to mutilation of the Thomas splint. By third week all the animals in group 11 could bear weight on the affected limb but limb dysfunction still persisted in fifty per cent of the animals in group 1. By the end of sixth week all the animals in both the groups showed apparently normal use of the limb. Temperature, pulse rate and respiration rate showed variation within normal range during the period of observation in all the animals. Haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, total erythrocyte count and lymphocyte count showed marginal increase on first week post fracture followed by a decrease thereafter in all the animals of both the groups. But neutrophil count showed a fall on the first week post fracture followed by a gradual increase in group 1, but in group 11 it revealed a decrease in values throughout the period of observation. Eosinophil and monocyte count showed only marginal variations during the period of observation in both the groups. Serum total protein showed a decrease till second week followed by an increase in group 1 but the variation was marginal in group 11. Serum alkaline phosphatase showed an increase till second week followed by a decrease thereafter in both the groups. Serum aspartate amino transaminase values remained at a higher level in the post fracture period in group 1 but in group 11 it was relatively at a lower level. Periosteal callus started developing near the fracture site along with reduction in soft tissue swelling and opacity of fragment ends in four animals in group 1 and two animals in group 11 by the end of first week. Five animals in group 1 and four animals in group 11 showed presence of massive periosteal callus by the end of third week and three animals in group 11 and two animals in group 1 showed presence of smooth and opaque periosteal callus with complete disappearance of fracture line by the end of sixth week. Eventhough there was marginal increase in the strength required to produce minimal contractile response in the initial period after fracture reduction, by sixth week, the values were near normal at all the duration in both the groups.