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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Veterinary Public Health × Author: KAU × Author: Kuttinarayanan, P × End date: 1989 × Start date: 1980 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of hygienic quality of market meat
    (Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1981) Kuttinarayanan, P; KAU; Soman, M
    With a view to investigate the hygienic quality of market meat in and around Trichur town the present study was undertaken. Eighty four samples of meat were tested for detecting total aerobic plate count, count of coliforms, Escherichia coli, Faecal streptococci and clostridium perfringens. Eighty four samples of beef obtained from different meat stalls had aerobic plate count ranging from 30 x 106 150 x 106 organism per gram of meat. Kerala Agricultural University Slaughter House (USH) gave the minimum count in comparison with other three places such as Panchayat meat stall, Mannuthy, Municipal Meat stall at west fort and East fort. The maximum count recorded from west fort sample had a count 150 x 106 organism per gram of meat. Coliform count (MPN) ranged between 1.2 x 105 and 160 x 105 per 100 grams of meat. The maximum count obtained was from samples of East fort and minimum was that from USH. E.Coli count ranged from 800 to 8800 organisms per gram of meat. The proportion of E.coli in the samples was corresponding to the APC in respect of the source of collection. All the randomly tested E.coli colonies were indole producing, MR positive and VP and citrate negative . Ninety per cent of them were Eijkman positive indicating they were typical coliforms. Faecal streptococci were present in all except one sample. The count ranged between ‘0’ and 110000 organisms per gram of meat. On testing the colonies by certain biochemical test, the result that the isolates were mostly of animals origin. About 15 samples were free from clostridium perfringens and count ranged between zero and 2000 organisms per gram of meat. The counts had shown that among the samples collected, those from USH had significantly low count in respect of all organisms studied. Similar result was seen in case of the bacterial quality of water samples collected from all the four places. Seventeen carcases were subjected to spray washing with different levels of chlorine such as 10, 20 and 50ppm. The meat samples were collected from the surface, before and 15 minutes after spraying, and they were processed for estimating the bacterial load. A reduction in bacterial load was observed by spray washing with water containing 10, 20 and 50 ppm chlorine to the extent of 24.8, 59.9 and 77.9 percent respectively and were significant at one per cent level. Water with 50ppm chlorine was found to be the best for washing carcase reduction in bacterial load without affecting its physical appearance and acceptability.