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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology × Author: KAU × Author: Suresh N, Nair × End date: 2001 × Start date: 2000 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Tranquilizing property of Clitoria ternatea Linn. (Shankupushpam), Acorus calamus Linn.(Vayampu) and Vitex leucoxylon Linn.(Atta nocchi) in rats
    (Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2001) Suresh N, Nair; KAU; Venugopalan, K
    The study was conducted in sixty four adult albino rats of either sex to assess tranquillizing property of alcoholic extract of whole plant of Clitoria ternatea, roots and rhizomes of Acorus calamus and leaves of Vitex leucoxylon at two dose levels of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of body weight and compare the effect to the standard tranquillizer chlorpromazine at dose rate of 7 mg/kg. The control group was given gum acacia. The dose levels of these drugs were as follows Plants Amount of Extract (mg/kg) Clitoria ternatea 250(0 I) 500(02) Acorus calamus 250(03) 500(04) Vi/ex leucoxylon 250(05) 500(06) Chlorpromazine 7(07) Control (gum acacia) 7mllkg(08) Level of tranquillization was measured using three parameters (l) depression of spontaneous motor activity, measured using actaphotometer (2) depression of forced locomotor activity measured by decrease in time of permanence in a rota-rod and (3) decrease in aggressive behaviour, measured by aggressive behaviour test score. Haematological parameters like total erythrocytic count, total leucocytic count, differential leucocytic count and haemoglobin percentage were determined to assess any change in haemogram by these drugs. The results of present study were as follows. Clitoria ternatea possess maximum tranquillizing property among the three. At 250 mg/kg it produced significant depression of spontaneous motor activity and forced locomotor activity than control but less than the standard drug. At 500 mg/kg it produced almost similar effect, as standard at certain time intervals but altogether the effect was less than the standard. Aggressive behaviour was also reduced at both dose rates. Clitoria ternatea at 500 mg/kg was more effective than Clitoria ternatea 250 mg/kg. Acorus calamus follows Clitoria lernatea in producing tranquillization. At 250 mg/kg as well as 500 mg/kg dose rates it produced significant depression of spontaneous motor activity, forced locomotor activity and aggressive behaviour. Acorus calamus at 500 mg/kg was more effective than Acorus calamus 250 mg/kg . Vitex leucoxylon possess least effect among the three in producing tranquillization. But at 250 mg/kg as well as 500 mg/kg dose rates it produced significant depression of spontaneous motor activity, forced locomotor activity and aggressive behaviour. Vitex leucoxylon at 500 mg/kg was more effective than Vitex leucoxylon 250 mg/kg. Haematological studies revealed no significant change in haemogram by any of the plant drugs. The exact mechanism of tranquillization by these plants and their possible toxicities needs further detailed study