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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology × Author: Deepa, A K × End date: 2003 × Start date: 2003 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Assessment of Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT ) residues in cattle of floor area
    (Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2003) Deepa, A K; KAU; Usha, P T A
    A study was conducted to assess the impact of environmental pollution with DDT in cattle of Eloor industrial belt. Hindustan Insecticides Limited (HIL) is the major pesticide manufacturing factory of the region producing pesticides like ODT. Hence Eloor was selected as the study area. Environmental samples like sludge, water and fodder, biological samples like blood, urine, dung and milk were collected from the cattle of Eloor area. Whole blood and serum samples were collected for haematology and serum biochemistry respectively. The collected samples were analysed for ODT residues in the gas liquid chromatograph (GLC). The values obtained were compared statistically with the samples collected from University Livestock Farm, Mannuthy. Higher levels of DOT residues were obtained from the environmental and biological samples from Eloor than the corresponding samples from Mannuthy. The mean levels of total 'nOT in environmental samples of Eloor were 1.463 ± 0.555 ppm (fodder), 0.00255 ± 0.00002 ppm (water) and 35.157 ± 0.198 ppm (sludge). Biological samples from Eloor contained mean total ODT of 0.201 ± 0.123 ppm (serum), 0.023 ± 0.006 (urine), 0.910 ± 0.689 ppm (dung) and 0.058 ± 0.019 ppm (milk). Environmental samples from Mannuthy contained mean total DDT of 0.062 ± 0.021 ppm, 0.011 ± 0.006 ppm, 0.000085 ± 0.00007 ppm in fodder, sludge and water respectively. Serum, urine and dung from cattle of Mannuthy contained mean total DOT of 0.252 ± 0.145 ppm, 0.030 ± 0.003 ppm and 0.026 ± 0.017 ppm respectively. No DOT residues were detected in the milk samples from Mannuthy. The haematological values from Eloor cattle remained within the normal range except differential leucocyte count which exhibited marked neutropenia and eosinophilia. Values of total protein and albumin were normal in both groups of animals. Serum enzymes like alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were significantly different fr~m Mannuthy sample but were within the normal range. It can be inferred that the DDT residues present in the field and biological samples were not high enough to cause toxicity in cattle. Variation in the haematological and biochemical parameters may be due to the presence of other environmental pollutants along with DDT in the discharged industrial effluents.