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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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1994 - 19963
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Subject: Veterinary Parasitology × Author: KAU × End date: 1996 × Start date: 1994 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Intertransmissibility of the common nematode parasites of pigeon (Columbolivio domestico) and domestic fowl (Gollus gollus domesticus)
    (Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1996) Senthilvel, K; KAU; Madhavan Pillai, K
    An investigation was made on the prevalence of nematode infections in pigeons for a period of one year by faecal and postmortem examinations and the percentage prevalence was 35.24 and 46.74 respectively. The species of nematodes collected from pigeons were Ascaridia columbae, Capillaria obsignata, Ornithostrongylus quadriradiatus, Acuaria spiralis and Strongyloides avium. Capillaria obsignata had the highest prevalence. The development of egg and the time taken to reach the infective stage in egg cultures of Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinae, Syngamus trachea, Ascaridia columbae, Capillaria obsignata and Ornithostrongylus quadriradiatus maintained at different room temperature were studied and recorded. The cross transmission trials with fowl nematodes; A. galli, H. gallinae and S. trachea and pigeon nematodes; A. columbae, C. obsignata and 0. quadriradiatus were conducted in pigeons and chicks respectively. Syngamus trachea and C. obsignata were found to be transmissible between pigeons and chicks. The detailed life cycles of A. columbae, S. trachea and 0. quadriradiatus in pigeons were worked out in detail. The prepatent period for these species was 46, 28 and 7 days respectively. The infective larvae of 0. quadriradiatus were seen to be phototropic and hydrotactic. They remained viable for 47 to 52 and 60 to 67 days in dry and wet seasons respectively. The clinical signs, gross and histopathological lesions produced by the nematodes in pigeons were recorded. Moderate infections of O. quadriradiatus produced anaemic changes in pigeons.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of anthelmintic treatment on milk production in subclinical nematode infections of cows
    (Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1994) Rajasekharan, Nair K G; KAU; Rajmohan, K
    A study was conducted on the incidence of subclinical gastrointestinal namatodiasis in diary cows and heifers, and the effect of anthelmintic treatment on their milk production. It was found that all the animals examined in the two livestock farms of Kerala Agricultural University were harbouring the infection. Faecal culture was found to be the method of choice for detection of nematode infection when compared to microscopical examination of faeces.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Pathogenicity of Ascaridia Galli infection in broiler chicken with special reference to weight gain
    (Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1995) Arunachalam, K; KAU; George, Varghese C
    A study carried out to assess the pathogenic effect of the developmewntal stages of Ascaridia galli in broiler chicks for a period of eight weeks, revealed clinical signs like general weakness, unthriftiness, ruffled feathers and loss of appetite, besides the delayed development of comb, wattles and feathers. On post – mortem examination of the experimentally infected chicks, large numbers of larvae were recovered from 2nd day PI onwards and the lumen larvae were detected from 14th day PI. The intestinal contents were frothy, mucus mixed and had many immature worms. In the small intestine the worms embedded in the mucosa with their anterior extremities. Histopathological studies revealed disruption of villi, desquamation of epithelium, infiltration with monocular cells, focal necrosis, congestion and haemorrhage in the mucosa and cystic changes of mucosal glands. Sections of larvae in the mucosa at different histological locations were detected on 4th, 10th, 14th and 17th days PI. In addition, cut sections of degenerated larvae were also observed. Haematological studies indicated a statistically significant increase in erythrocyte sedimentation rate, total leucocyte count, total heterophil and eosinophil counts. Packed cell volume, haemoglobin content and total erythrocyte count were significantly decreased. Lymphocyte count was significantly decreased (P < 0.01) in all the infected groups upto 37th day PI; later the count was gradually increased in all the infected groups. The mean body weight and mean body weight gain in the infected groups of chicks were significantly lesser than the control group chicks (P <0.01). The mean weekly feed intake and mean weekly feed conversion ratio were lesser in the infected groups of chicks than control ones, although the difference was not statistically significant. The morbidity rate was high in all the infected chicks, but mortality was not recorded during the experimental period. Coprological study confirmed the maturation period for A. galli in groups A, B, C and D as 59, 59,50 and 44 days respectively.