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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Veterinary Parasitology × Author: Deena Antony, U × Author: KAU × End date: 1999 × Start date: 1993 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Assessment of paratenic hosts in the transmission of Ancylostoma caninum to dogs
    (Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1997) Deena Antony, U; KAU; George Vargese, C
    An investigation into the “Assessment of paratenic hosts in the transmission of Ancylostoma caninum to dogs” was carried out during the period from October 1996 to September 1997. The experimental animals comprised of 24 day old chicks, 15 one month old albino mice, 60 cockroaches collected locally and 10 pups of 6 to 8 weeks old. Larvae obtained from faecal cultures set in room temperature were used for infecting paratemic hosts. The migration and distribution of A. caninum larvae in the tissues of chicks infected orally with 1000 larvae were studied. Larval yield at necropsy from different organs after digestion with artificial gastric juice revealed a 50.1 per cent recovery at 4hr after inoculation followed by a sharp decline to 4.5 percent at 72hr. Larvae were detected in the lungs and liver at the rate of 67 and 63 respectively. The gastro intestinal tract yielded the maximum number of larvae (215) at 4hr after infection. Migration in the muscles of neck and thorax was detected at 12 hr after infection. But no larvae were recovered from heart, spleen and kidney. Migration and distribution of A.caninum larvae in the tissues of mice orally infected with 1000 larvae and the establishment of patent infection from mice to definite host were studied. Highest larval recovery was at 4 hr post infection (48.6%) and lowest was (13.6%) at 30 days post infection. Migration of larvae to the liver and lungs occurred within 24 hr. No larvae were recovered from spleen, kidney and heart. Migration in the muscles of throax and head and neck occurred within 4 days. In the infected cockroaches, living larvae were found in the muscles, wall and lumen of the gut region and haemocele. Histopathological lesions included mild disruption of the villi with mild infilteration of the inflammatory cells in the intestine, areas of congestion, haemorrhage and necrosis were noticed in the liver and lungs with sections of larvae found rupturing the wall of the alveoli. Patent infection was established in hookworm free pups . Infected with larvae, recovered from infected chicks, mice and cockroaches and the pre-patent period was found to be 18 to 19 days. The present observation established that chicken, mice and insects like cockroaches might act as paratenic hosts for A.caninum, thus serving as natural sources of infection to pups.