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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Veterinary Microbiology × Author: Josemi, Mathew × End date: 2004 × Start date: 2004 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Polymerase chain reaction for the detection of canine parvovirus in faeces of dogs
    (Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2004) Josemi, Mathew; KAU; Mini, M
    A study was undertaken to compare the ability of haemagglutination (HA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and seminested PCR for the diagnosis of canine parvovirus (CPV) infection by detecting CPV from faecal samples of clinically suspected dogs. Characterization of vaccine strain and field strains of CPV was performed by restriction enzyme analysis (REA) in this study. Attempts were made to isolate CPV from faecal samples in MDCK cell line. One hundred and twentysix faecal samples were collected from dogs suspected for CPV infection and 40 faecal samples were also collected from normal healthy non-vaccinated as well as vaccinated dogs after 15 days of vaccination, that were brought to veterinary hospitals attached to KAU. All the samples were screened by HA, PCR and seminested PCR to detect CPV. No significant difference in HA titre could be appreciated on comparing the titre using PBS, pH 7.2 and PBS – BSA as diluents. The haemagglutination reaction by CPV was found to be favoured by a slightly acidic pH in the range of 4.0 to 6.0. Chloroform treatment of faecal samples had no influence on HA titres above 5 log2. Among 126 faecal samples screened, 43.65 per cent, 61.11 per cent and 73.81 per cent were tested positive for CPV infection by HA, PCR and seminested PCR respectively. Therefore, seminested PCR was found to be a more sensitive and specific method over HA and PCR for the early diagnosis of CPV infection. All the faecal samples from healthy non-vaccinated and vaccinated dogs after 15 days of vaccination were tested negative by HA, PCR and seminested PCR. Restriction enzyme analysis using HinfI, Rsa I and Sau 961 revealed no difference in the fragment length patterns between CPV vaccine strain and field strain. Attempts to isolate CPV from faecal samples in MDCK cell line were found unsuccessful. The occurrence of CPV infection among non-vaccinated dogs was found to be higher than that of vaccinated dogs. Vaccine failure was also observed after MLV vaccination. The distribution of CPV infection was highest among dogs between two to four months of age. Breed-wise distribution of CPV infection showed highest distribution in German shepherd dogs when compared to other breeds. Most of the cases of CPV were noticed during February and July in the year 2003 and during March to June in the year 2004.