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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Veterinary Microbiology × Author: Hari, Kumar A V × End date: 1999 × Start date: 1993 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Secretory immunoglobulins of the duck (Anas platyrrhynchos domesticus)
    (Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1996) Hari, Kumar A V; James, P C
    The profile and functional properties of the immunoglobulins of serum, bile, mucos of trachea and intestine of ducks were studied. The immunoglobulins were separated by salting out using ammonium sulphate. The various fractions of immunoglobulines were further resolved by Sephadex G-200 gel filteration which gave two peaks for serum and tracheal immunoglobulins and a single peak each for bile and intestinal immunoglobulins. The purity of these fractions were checked by immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis. The different fractions obtained were quantified by single radial immunodiffusion. The level of fraction 1 in the bile ranged between 1718 µg/ml and 1959 µg/ml and that of serum, 1718.06 µg/ml to 2442 µg/ml, in the S.typhimurium treated groups. The level of fraction 1 in the NDV treated groups ranged from 1115 µg/ml to 1597.35 µg/ml in bile, and 1597.35 µg/ml to 1959.34 µg/ml in serum. The level of fraction 2 in serum ranged from 1797 µg/ml to 2591 µg/ml in S.typhimurium treated group and 1400 µg/ml to 1797 µg/ml in the NDV treated group. Fraction 2 was not detectable in bile. The antibody response of ducks to a bacterial and viral antigen (anaculture of S.typhimurium and R2B strain of New Castle Disease virus respectively) was assessed. On conducting standard tube agglutination test, the serum, bile and oviduct washings revealed antibody tires against S.typhimurium in inoculated birds ranging between 1:20 and 1:160 in the case of serum; 1:10 and 1:80 in the case of bile and tire less than 1:10 for oviduct washings. No antibody titre could be detected for tracheal and intestinal washings and testicular extracts. The HI titre ranging from 1:32 to 1:128 could be observed for serum, 1:32 to 1:64 for bile and a titre of 1:16 was observed for oviduct washings of ducks parenterally administered with NDV. The tire was relatively low for serum when NDV was administered intranasaly. Intestinal and tracheal washings and testicular extract failed to reveal any HI antibodies.