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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Veterinary Microbiology × Author: Atulya, M × Author: KAU × Start date: 2009 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Isolation and characterization of bacteria associated with gastroenteritis in weaned Piglets
    (College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2009) Atulya, M; KAU; Koshy, John
    Gastroenteritis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in piglets. A number of factors are involved in post weaning diarrhoea in piglets. A comprehensive study was performed to examine the incidence, bacterial etiology, drug sensitivity, plasmid profile and pathogenicity of the bacteria isolated from weaned piglets with gastroenteritis prevalent in and around Kerala Agricultural university. Samples were taken only from piglets with diarrhoea that had not been previously treated with antibiotics. Rectal swabs were collected from live diarrhoeic piglets and intestinal contents, pieces of jejunum, ileum, colon, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen and stomach were collected during post mortem examination after taking all sterile precautions. Isolation of causative bacteria was made by culturing on Brain Heart Infusion Agar, Mac Conkey agar, Mannitol Salt agar, Blood agar, Brucella agar and Cooked Meat medium. The identification of isolates was carried out as per standard protocols. All the procedures of biochemical testing were followed as described by Barrow and Feltham (1993). For classification of Staphylococcus isolates, a system suggested by Baird Parker (1965) was considered. A total of 53 bacterial isolates were identified to species level from 82 samples tested for pathogens. Six different microorganisms were encountered in this study, with Escherichia coli being dominant, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus subgroups BPIII and BPV, Serratia fonticola, Salmonella typhimurium and Aeromonas hydrophila. Thirteen different serotypes of E. coli were encountered, with O69 being dominant and the others were O38, O5, O84, O132, O80, O79, O56, O41, O25, O109 and O103 and two were untypable. Majority of the isolates exhibited multidrug resistance. Plasmid profile of the Gram negative isolates were determined and 80.43 per cent were found to bear plasmids. Pathogenicity of the isolates was determined by performing in vivo mice pathogenicity test.