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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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19792
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Subject: Veterinary Medicine × End date: 1979 × Start date: 1979 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Clinical investigation on the seasonally occurring respiratory disease in goats
    (Department of Therapeutics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1979) Joseph, C R; KAU; Aleyas, N M
    Incidence of a seasonally occurring respiratory disease problem in goats is on the increase in recent years. Review of available literature revealed paucity of adequate information on the clinico – therapeutic aspects of this condition. The present study was takenuup to throw more light on them. A total of 65 clinical cases of respiratory disorders admitted to the University Veterinary Hospitals, Mannuthy and Trichur and Veterinary Dispensary, Ollur during the period November 1978 to February, 1979 were studied, keeping 10 apparently healthy goats of All India Co – ordinated Research Project on Goats for Milk Production as control. The investigation included collection of data on the incidence, clinical examination, culture and sensitivity tests of nasal swab, haematological examination and therapeutic trials with suitable chemotherapeutic agents in clinical cases. The data collected from the records maintained in the Veterinary Hospitals, Mannuthy and Trichur showed a high incidence of this condition during the period November to February. The condition usually started as an upper respiratory tract affection and gradually spread to the lower respiratory organs. The important clinical signs noticed were anorexia, emaciation, easily induced frequent dry cough, mucopurlent nasal discharge, rise or normal temperature, increased pulse and respiratory rates, inspiratory dyspnoea, abnormal sounds on auscultation and fall in milk yield in lactating animals. In vitro antibiotic sensitivity tests and efficacy of treatments in clinical cases showed that chloramphenicol is the drug of choice, followed by nitrofurantoin. If the disease can be treated sufficiently early with suitable chemotherapeutic agents nearly 100 per cent cure is possible. Bacterial isolates from apparently healthy animals were Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Pasteurella, Escherichia and citrobacter spp. While staphyclococcus, streptococcus, corynebacterium, pasteurella, Escherichia and klebsiella spp. Were isolated from diseased animals. Leukocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphopenia and normal eosinophil count with a reduction in total erythrocyte count, haemoglobin and packed cell volume were observed in diseased animals. Anaemic changes were noticed even after getting clinical cure. Fall in total leukocyte count and neutrophil percentage towards normal and a slight increase in lymphocyte percentage was noticed on the date of discharge. Significant leukopenia was evident in chloramphenicol, nitrofurantoin, streptomycin, erythromycin and ‘Proxymer’ treated groups while in chlortetracycline and kanamycin groups no change was noticed. Significant neutropenia was noticed in chloramphenicol, chlortetracycline, nitrofurantoin, kanamycin and erythromycin groups whereas the difference was not significant in streptomycin group. Significant lymphocytosis was observed in all the groups treated except erythromycin group.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Growth,carcass characteristics and economics of rearing of indigenous and exotic pigs
    (Department of Animal Management, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1979) Saseendran, P C; KAU; Rajagopalan, T G
    In order to have a comparative knowledge of growth rate, carcass quality and economics of rearing of indigenous and exotic pigs under the same agro – climatic condition, this work has been carried out. Twelve indigenous and twelve exotic pigs of two months of age were equally divided into two groups and reared for a period of 155 days, on adlibitum feed and water. At the end of the experiment half of the pigs from each group were randomly selected, slaughtered and the carcass characteristics were studied. A significantly higher fortnightly gains was observed in exotic pigs than that of indigenous pigs (6.21 kg against 1.618 kg). Feed efficiency of indigenous pigs was inferior then that of exotic pigs (4.26 against 3.88). But feed efficiency of indigenous female was equal to that of exotic female (3.83) and better than that of exotic male (3.92). Dressing percentage of indigenous pigs exotic pigs were not significantly different (75.34 against 72.17). Back fat thickness observed were 1.53 cm and 2.03 cm in indigenous pigs and exotic pigs respectively. Loin eye area of indigenous and exotic pigs were significantly different (8.0 cm2and 25.25 cm2 respectively). Percentage of shoulder, middle and ham against cold carcass weight were 27.78, 33.27 and 25.08 respectively for indigenous pigs. The corresponding figures for exotic pigs were 28.25, 34.42 and 31.37 per cent respectively. The ham percentage was significantly lower (P < 0.01) in indigenous breed. Total cost of production per kilogram live weight was estimated to be very high in indigenous pigs than that of exotic pigs (Rs.10.52 against Rs.7.07). But when the feed cost alone is taken, the cost of production of indigenous stock was not much different from that of exotic stock (Rs.5.75 Vs. Rs.5.24).