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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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2001 - 20073
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Subject: Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine × End date: 2007 × Start date: 2000 ×
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Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Clinico-therapeutic studies on bacterial mastitis in goats
    (Department of Veterinery Epidmiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Science,Mannuthy, 2005) Sreeja, S; KAU; Vijayakumar, K
    The lactating does in the University goat and sheep farm were screened for subclinical mastitis once in three months using the California mastitis test. The occurrence of subclinical mastitis was found to be 30.2 per cent. Statistical analysis showed no significant association between occurrence of subclinical mastitis and teat length whereas there was significant association between distance from teat tip to floor. Among 642 samples screened 194 samples were found to be positive by CMT. The arithmetic mean cell counts for each CMT score ranged between 0.736 ± 0.033 x106 and 20.417 ± 0.851 x106 cells/ml. Among CMT positive samples MWST and MAMP detected 62.89 per cent and 43.29 per cent as positive for subclinical mastitis. Comparison of screening tests revealed that significant positive correlation existed among the four tests namely CMT, MWST, MAMP and SCC. Comparison with culture results showed that score ‘3’ of CMT score ‘3+’ of MWST and grade 3 of MAMP reaction detected the maximum positive cases. CMT scores and SCC in bacteriologicaly positive samples showed significant association. Among the TIST positive milk samples 20 (44.44 per cent) were culture positive. Staphylococcus aureus was the most predominant isolate in both clinical and subclinical caprine mastitis. In vitro antibiotic sensitivity pattern revealed that chloramphenicol was the most sensitive antibiotic followed by ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin. The isolated pathogens showed maximum resistance to sulpha. Comparison of treatment trials in 24 clinical goat mastitis cases using ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin with 12 animals in each group revealed that clinical and bacteriological cure was better in the case of ciprofloxacin. Clinical and bacteriological cure was comparatively less in gangrenous mastitis cases. Eighteen Staphylococcus isolates from clinical mastitis cases and 23 Staphylococcus isolates from subclinical cases were typed by RAPD fingerprinting. Twelve different genotypes were obtained among which genotype c predominated in clinical mastitis whereas in subclinical cases b and i were the common Staphylococcal genotypes. Clinical and bacteriological cure rates were 100 per cent for RAPD type l in the ceftriaxone treated group and genotypes c and i in the ciprofloxacin treated group of animals. A possible relationship regarding the genetic make up of the different Staphylococcal isolates was elucidated from the phylogenetic tree generated from the RAPD fingerprints.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants in goats of Kerala
    (Department of Veterinary Epidomology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Mannuthy, 2007) Janus, A; KAU; Tresamol, P V
    Seroprevalence of PPR in goats of Kerala was studied using competitive ELISA. Four hundred and twelve sera samples were collected from goats belonging to different places of Kerala covering all the districts. Samples were collected randomnly from goats of different age , managemental practice, breed, sex, different health status and also from different farms. Samples were subjected to c ELISA for detecting antibodies against PPR infection. Out of 412 sera samples tested 15.5 per cent gave positive result for PPR antibodies. Seroprevalence of PPR antibodies was more in animals reared under organized farming system. Seroprevalence of PPR antibodies was more in animals with a history of disease than apparently healthy animals. Prevalence of PPR antibodies is found to be more in malabari breeds of goats when compared to jamunapari and cross bred animals. Seroprevalence of PPR in various age group revealed that percentage of positivity was more in animals of the age group of 6 months- one year. Animals from different farms were tested for antibodies against PPR infection. Seroprevalence of PPR was more in KLDB goat farm, Dhoni, and Jersey farm, Vithura. Seroprevalence of PPR among goats with different clinical manifestations was recorded. High percentage of seroprevalence was noted in animals with abortion. Seroprevalence of PPR in different districts of Kerala was assessed. The highest seroprevalence was recorded in Kozhikkode district. Seroprevalence of PPR in goats of Kerala was detected as 15.5 per cent
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Clinico-therapeutic studies on bacterial mastitis in bovines
    (Department of Veterinary Epideminology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,Mannuthy, 2001) Smitha Rose Sebastian, KAU; Vijayakumar, K
    A study was carried out to detect subclinical mastitis by California mastitis test, to compare the different mastitis indicators, to identify the bacterial agents responsible and their antibiogram and to assess the efficacy of different treatments adopted. The occurrence of subclinical mastitis in organized farms and in and around Thrissur was found to be 25.17 per cent, after examining 1053 quarter milk samples by California mastitis test. A total of 265 milk samples were subjected to somatic cell count, modified Whiteside test and modified Aulendorfer mastitis probe test. These tests showed a positive correlation with somatic cell count. Staphylococcus aureus was found to be the chief etiological agent followed by coagulase negative staphylococci, coliforms and Streptococcus agalactiae. Chloramphenicol and enrofloxacin were found to be the most effective antibiotics against bacterial isolates from mastitis cases and sulphadiazine and trimethoprim the least effective. In vivo studies revealed that oxytetracycine is more effective followed by enrofloxacin and amoxycillin-cloxacillin combination. But the bacteriological cure was same for all the treatments. The twenty four Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical mastitis were grouped into seven different genotypes using RAPD analysis. The four Escherichia coli isolates gave single RAPD pattern. S. aureus genotype a was found to be more prevalent.