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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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20192
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Subject: Plant Breeding × Author: KAU × Author: Pamarthi Vinod × End date: 2020 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Identification of cherry tomato genotypes from f3 segregants of intraspecific cross
    (Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2019) Pamarthi Vinod; KAU; Jayalakshmi, V G
    The present study entitled “Identification of cherry tomato genotypes from F3 segregants of intraspecific cross” was carried out in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani during 2018 - 2019 with an objective to evaluate F3 segregants of the cross between cultivated tomato variety Anagha (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme for morphometric traits and fruit quality specific to cherry tomato and genotyping the superior segregants with SSR markers. The materials chosen for the experiment was obtained from five F2 plants selected from the cross between Anagha (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and Solanum lycopersicum L. var. cerasiforme (LA2805) done in a completed Ph.D. project of the department. A total of 150 F3 segregants from thirty plants from each F2 family was used for the study. Observations on nine morphometric traits were recorded in the F3 segregants and based on that twenty superior segregants were selected. These twenty segregants were subjected to fruit quality analysis and molecular marker analysis. Since the F3 segregants were originated from five F2 families the interfamily and intrafamily variation for each character was assessed. Among the morphometric traits, plant height did not show much variation between families and within family. Plant height of selected genotypes showing determinate to semi-determinate growth habit with a maximum of 261 cm and a minimum of 72 cm indicating selection in these segregants can lead to the development of a determinate cherry tomato variety. Weight of fruit did not show much variation between the families but within the family there was much variation, all the segregants except (P-3-17)- 11 had fruit weight higher than LA2805 and (P-1-21)- 4 is having almost double the fruit weight of LA2805 parent. Number of fruits cluster-1 of all the segregants were less than LA2805. So, more emphasis should be given on this trait in the selection in further generations. Dendrogram based on morphometric and fruit quality data revealed that the selected superior F3 segregants grouped into two major clusters. Anagha formed an individual cluster and remaining F3 segregants along with LA2805 constituting major cluster indicating all the small fruited cherry tomato genotypes grouped into one cluster. Analysis for qualitative traits (Lycopene, vitamin C, pH and TSS) showed that lycopene showed variation between the families and within the family. Lycopene content of all the segregants except (P-3-17)- 11 was higher than LA2805. This is a good indication as higher lycopene content is a valuable character with respect to quality of cherry tomato. Vitamin C content of two of the segregants (P-2-11)- 6 and (P-3-17)- 11 were higher than LA2805 parent indicating this character will have scope for selection in further generations. Intrafamily variation was seen for all the characters except for pH which showed a constant around 4 with maximum pH recorded in (P-5-27)- 20. TSS (%) of fruits did not show much variation between the families but within the family there was much variation with maximum TSS (%) of 6.8 was recorded in (P-3-17)- 11. Molecular marker analysis was done using ten SSR markers reported as specific to cherry tomato. Out of the twenty segregants, the segregants (P-1-21)- 4 and (P-2-11)- 6 showed the presence of all the SSR markers linked to cherry tomato. The segregants (P-2-26)- 8, (P-3-17)- 11, (P-4-8)- 14 showed eight specific markers of cherry tomato. A proximity dissimilarity matrix was constructed between the selected segregants and the parents based on the recorded morphometric and fruit quality data. The results of the data revealed that distance from the cherry tomato parent was less than 9.00 indicating that these selected superior segregants were showing more to cherry tomato morphometric and fruit quality traits. The segregants (P-2-26)- 8, (P-3-17)- 11 and (P-4-8)- 14 which had Euclidean coefficient of dissimilarity assessed based on morphometric and fruit quality traits 4.22, 4.60 and 6.19 respectively showed eight specific markers linked to cherry tomato. The segregants (P-1-21)- 4 and (P-2-11)- 6 which showed the presence of all the ten specific markers to cherry tomato had Euclidean coefficient of dissimilarity of 5.54 and 6.53 respectively. Based on the morphological, biochemical and molecular data five F3 segregants (P-1-21)- 4, (P-2-11)- 6, (P-2-26)- 8, (P-3-17)- 11 and (P-4-8)- 14 were selected to carry forward to further generations for getting a cherry tomato variety with determinate growth habit, higher fruit weight, high number of fruits cluster-1, high lycopene and vitamin C content.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Identification of cherry tomato genotypes from f3 segregants of intraspecific cross
    (Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2019) Pamarthi Vinod; KAU; Jayalakshmi, V G
    The present study entitled "Identification of cherry tomato genotypes from F3 segregants of intraspecific cross" was carried out in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agricultme, Vellayani during 2018-2019 with an objective to evaluate F3 segregants of the cross between cultivated tomato variety Anagha {Solarium lycopersicum L.) and Solarium lycopersicum var. cerasiforme for morphometric traits and fhiit quality specific to cherry tomato and genotyping the superior segregants with SSR markers. The materials chosen for the experiment was obtained from five F2 plants selected from the cross between Anagha {Solarium lycopersicum L.) and Solarium lycopersicum L. var. cerasiforme (LA2805) done in a completed Ph.D. project of the department. A total of 150 F3 segregants from thirty plants from each F2 family was used for the study. Observations on nine morphometric traits were recorded in the F3 segregants and based on that twenty superior segregants were selected. These twenty segregants were subjected to fruit quality analysis and molecular marker analysis. Since the F3 segregants were originated from five F2 families the interfamily and intrafamily variation for each character was assessed. Among the morphometric traits, plant height did not show much variation between families and within family. Plant height of selected genotypes showing determinate to semi-determinate grovrth habit with a maximum of 261 cm and a minimum of 72 cm indicating selection in these segregants can lead to the development of a determinate cherry tomato variety. Weight of fruit did not show much variation between the families but within the family there was much variation, all the segregants except (P-3-17)-11 had fruit weight higher than LA2805 and (P- 1-21)- 4 is having almost double the fruit weight of LA2805 parent. Number of finits cluster'^ of all the segregants were less than LA2805. So, more emphasis should be given on this trait in the selection in further generations. ^3 Dendrogram based on morphometric and finit quality data revealed that the selected superior F3 segregants grouped into two major clusters. Anagha formed an individual cluster and remaining F3 segreg£ints along with LA2805 constituting major cluster indicating all the small fruited cherry tomato genotypes grouped into one cluster. Analysis for qualitative traits (Lycopene, vitamin C, pH and TSS) showed that lycopene showed variation between the families and within the family. Lycopene content of all the segregants except (P-3-17)- 11 was higher than LA2805. This is a good indication as higher lycopene content is a valuable character with respect to quality of cherry tomato. Vitamin C content of two of the segregants (P-2-11)- 6 and (P-3-17)- 11 were higher than LA2805 parent indicating this character will have scope for selection in further generations. Intrafamily variation was seen for all the characters except for pH which showed a constant around 4 with maximum pH recorded in (P-5-27)- 20. TSS (%) of fruits did not show much variation between the families but within the family there was much variation with maximum TSS (%) of 6.8 was recorded in (P-3-17)-11. Molecular marker analysis was done using ten SSR markers reported as specific to cherry tomato. Out of the twenty segregants, the segregants (P-1-21)- 4 and (P-2-11)- 6 showed the presence of all the SSR markers linked to cherry tomato. The segregants (P-2-26)- 8, (P-3-17)-11, (P-4-8)- 14 showed eight specific markers of cherry tomato. A proximity dissimilarity matrix was constructed between the selected segregants and the parents based on the recorded morphometric and fruit quality data. The results of the data revealed that distance from the cherry tomato parent was less than 9.00 indicating that these selected superior segregants were showing more to cherry tomato morphometric and fruit quality traits. The segregants (P-2- 26)- 8, (P-3-17)-11 and (P-4-8)-14 which had Euclidean coefficient of dissimilarity assessed based on morphometric and fruit quality traits 4.22, 4.60 and 6.19 respectively showed eight specific markers linked to cherry tomato. The segregants (P-1-21)- 4 and (P-2-11)- 6 which showed the presence of all the ten specific markers to cherry tomato had Euclidean coefficient of dissimilarity of 5.54 and 6.53 respectively. Based on the morphological, biochemical and molecular data five F3 segregants (P-1-21)- 4, (P-2-11)- 6, (P-2-26)- 8, (P-3-17)-11 and (P-4-8)-14 were selected to carry forward to further generations for getting a cherry tomato variety with determinate growth habit, higher fruit weight, high number of fruits cluster'^, high lycopene and vitamin C content.