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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Plant Breeding × Author: Animon, G × Author: KAU × End date: 1996 × Start date: 1990 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Induced mutations in interspecific hybrids of abolmochus
    (Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1996) Animon, G; KAU; Gopimony, R
    The F1 seeds of the cross between Abelmoschus esculentus cv Kiran and the semi- wild species, Abelmoschus manihot were exposed to four different doses (10, 20, 30 and 40 KR) of gama rays and their effects in the first generation were studied. The percentage of seed germination decreased with increasing doses of gamma rays. The treated hybrids have shown delyed germination compared to the control. The survival of plants was found to decrease with increase in dose of the mutagen. The rate of growth of plants and plant height were found to decrease by the treatment with gamma rays. Various chlorophyll and morphological varients were observed in the irradiated population. An increase in pollen fertility was noticed in the irradiated hybrids. But the increased pollen fertility did not show any effect on the seed set. Irradiation delayed the formation of flowers and fruiting. The mean values for number and weight of fruits did not differ significantly among irradiated treatments and was on par with the control F1. The treated hybrids were found to be on par with the control F1 for yellow vein mosaic disease incidence and the important diseases affecting bhindi. The hybrids irradiated at higher doses had become more susceptiable to fruit borer incidence. The hybrids represented more towards the semi-wild parent and have shown considerable heterosis over the cultivated parent and semi-wild parent for most of the economic characters. The hybrids were vigorous in growth habit compared to the parents. The hybrid treatments exhibited significant positive heterosis for days taken to first flowering and last fruiting over the cultivated parent. The hybrids treatments exhibited significant positive heterosis for number of flowers, number of fruits and weight of fruits over both the parents. Significant negative heterosis over the cultivated parent was shown for fruit length by the hybrid treatments. Significant negative heterosis over the cultivated parent for fruit borer incidence was shown by the control and the hybrids irradiated at 10 and 20 KR. All the hybrid treatments manifested significant negative heterosis over the cultivated parent for YVMD incidence. The mutagenic effectiveness in inducing chlorophyll mutations was found to increase with increase in dose of the gamma rays. The mutagenic efficiency estmated on the basis of lethality and injury increased with increase in dose of gamma rays. On sterility basis, the 30 KR treatments was the most efficient.