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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Others × Author: Aiswarya, C S × Start date: 2000 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of hybrids for yield and quality in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)
    (Department of Olericulture, College of Agriculture,Vellayani, 2016) Aiswarya, C S; KAU; Sreelathakumary, I
    The research projec t entitled “Evaluation of hybrids for yield and quality in chilli ( Capsicum annuumL.)” was conducted at Department of Olericulture, College of Agriculture, Vellayani during 2015-16. The objective of the study was to evaluate the yield and quality characters of F1 hybrids of chilli. The experimental material consisted of five parents viz., CA 3 (P1), CA 5 (P2), CA 6 (P3), CA 8 (P4) and CA 32 (P5) and 10 F1s produced in diallel mating design excluding reciprocals. The hybrid Arka Harita and variety Vellayani Athulya were used as checks for the estimation of standard heterosis. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 17 treatments and three replications for two seasons viz., May 2015 to September 2015 and October 2015 to February 2016. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among the treatments for almost all characters studied. Among the hybrids P4 x P5 recorded the highest fruit weight (9.66 g), flesh thickness (2.81 mm), green fruit yield plant-1 (962.93 g), dry fruit yield plant-1 (144.05 g) and yield plot-1 (27.72 kg). Maximum fruits plant-1 was recorded in the hybrid P3 x P4(148.76), fruit length in P1 x P5(12.61 cm) and fruit girth in P3 x P5 (4.43 cm). Among the parents P5 recorded highest fruit weight (6.73 g), flesh thickness (2.61 111m), green fruit yield plant-1 (448.70 g), dry fruit yield plant-1 (79.98 g) and yield plot-1 (12.91 kg). The hybrid P2 x P5 had high quality parameters like oleoresin (18.90 %), ascorbic acid (122.66 mg/lOOg) and colour value (195.39 ASTA units). The check variety Vellayani Athulya was superior for characters such as days to first flower (23. 83 days), days to first harvest (42.96 days), fruit length (12.66 cm), fruit girth (6.27 cm), fruit weight (17.36 g) and flesh thickness (3.31 mm). No incidence of white fly, bacterial wilt, leaf curl, fruit rot and mosaic were observed in the field. The incidence of thrips and mites were less in the parents and hybrid combinations. The highest standard heterosis for green fruit yield plant'1 among the hybrids was recorded in P4 x P5 (177.23 %) followed by P3 x P5 (147.35 %), and P2 x P5 (127.24 %). For fruit weight highest standard heterosis was observed in P4 x P5 (191.09 %) followed by P3 x P5 (188.12 %) and P2 x P5 (170.30 %). Maximum standard heterosis for yield plot'1 was recorded in P4 x P5 (177.34 %), P3 x P5 (147.35 %) and P2 x P5 (127.31 %). Among the hybrids the highest standard heterosis for the quality characters such as oleoresin (36.59 %), ascorbic acid (6.05 %), and colour value (8.17 %) were recorded in P2 x P5. Correlation for different characters showed that green fruit yield plant"1 had positive correlation with the primary branches plant'1, fruits plant"1, fruit length, fruit weight, flesh thickness and seeds fruit'1. On the basis of the present study the hybrids CA 8 x CA 32 (P4 x P5), CA 6 x CA 32 (P3 x P5) and CA 5 x CA 32 (P2 x P5) were found promising for yield characters such as fruit weight, green fruit yield plant'1, yield plot'1 and quality. Among the parents CA 32 (P5) was found superior. The superior hybrids identified viz., CA 8 x CA 32 (P4 x P5), CA 6 x CA 32 (P3 x Ps) and CA 5 x CA 32 (P2 x Ps) can be subjected to multilocational trials and if found superior can be recommended for variety release.