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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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19851
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Subject: Horticulture × Author: Jomno, Ratan × Author: KAU × End date: 1985 × Start date: 1985 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Standardisation of Epicotyl Grafting in Mango
    (Department of Pomology and floriculture and Landscaping, College of Horticulture,Vellanikara, 1985) Jomno, Ratan; KAU; Aravindakshan, M
    The season of epicotyl grafting, age of root stock and scion and precurring of scions were standardised by Dhungana (1984) in the earlier studies. The present series of experiments were undertaken with the objective to enhance the grafts ‘take’ by different methods. Studies reported in this thesis were carried out during the period from June 1983 to March 1985 and consisted of experiments on standardisation of the height of root stock, length of scion, effect of covering material, effect of different plant growth regulators and different fungicides on dieback disease. Anatomical studies were also undertaken to find out the possible reasons of graft failures. The results of the experiments on the influence of the height of rootstocks (2 to 4 cm, 4 to 6 cm, 6 to 8 cm and 8 to 10 cm) and the length of scion (5 cm, 6 cm and 8 cm) indicated that the height of rootstock and length of scion had significant effect on the success of epicotyl grafting in mango. It was observed that when mature 3 to 4 months old, ten days procured scion of 8 cm were grafted on five to ten days old rootstock at 6 to 8 cm height gave maximum percentage of sprouting and survival during July-August. In the experiments to find out the influence of covering the grafts with polythene bags both transparent and black polythene bags were used. The grafts were covered with bags (15 x 20 cm) leaving sufficient space at the top. It was observed that covering the grafts with transparent polythene bags and retaining them for one month gave maximum percentage of success as well as final survival compared to control. Black polythene material was detrimental for graft ‘take’. In another experiments the grafts were sprayed with IAA and GA each at 100, 250 ppm immediately after grafting in order to find out whether these growth regulators would help to increase the graft ‘take’. Although no significant effect could noticed, it appeared that IAA at 100 ppm had some beneficial effect. The dieback disease of grafts was found to be caused by colletotrichum gloeosporioides and the disease was more sever during August to October. The trials with different fungicides viz., Bordeaux mixture at 1%, Thiram at 0.2% and Caftafol at 0.2%, revealed that Bordeaux mixture was the most effective in controlling the disease when applied one month after grafting and subsequently sprayed at an intervals of 15 days till 90 days. Anatomical studies of the successful and failed grafts were also studied in order to understand the possible reasons for graft failures. It was observed that in successful grafts callus proliferation commenced from 5th day onwards and the completion of cambial bridge of the stock and scion was attained 15 days after grafting. The completion of cambial union was indicated by sprouting of grafts. There were four district stages in the healing of the grafts. In unsuccessful grafts there was no indication of callus proliferation. Thicker necrotic layers were also formed in the region of graft union. In grafts which remained alive up to 60 days, but did not sprout there were wide gap between stock and scion which perhaps inhibited sprouting of the scions.