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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Horticulture × Author: Aishabi, K A × Author: KAU × End date: 1987 × Start date: 1980 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Standardisation of macro and micro propagation techniques in Bougainvillea
    (Department Of Pomology And Floriculture, College Of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1985) Aishabi, K A; KAU; Aravindakshan, M
    The present investigations were carried out at the College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, during 1983-84 to standardise the asexual propagation in bougainvillea through conventional as well as micropropagation techniques. For macrcpropagation studies, cuttings from nine varieties were treated with IBA and NAA each at 100,300, 750 and 1000C ppm concentrations. The results revealed that all the treatments, particularly IBA were significantly superior to the control. Soaking the basal ends of the cuttings in IBA 500 ppm solution for a period of six hours, gave maximum percentage of rooting both in rainy and summer seasons. The rooting response of different varieties varied considerably. Maximum percentage of rooting was obtained in the variety ‘Jayalakshmy’ and minimum in ‘Cherry Blossom’ during both the seasons. Organic carbon and total nitrogen content showed a significant negative correlation with percentage of rooting, A positive correlation was however observed between C/N ratio and rooting percentage. Rooting was more when the rainfall was maximum and variation in mean temperature was less. Root number, root length and root weight were significantly increased in all the auxin treated cuttings than in the control. Number of roots, length and fresh weight of roots/cutting were more during rainy season, than in summer. Fresh weight of the shoot/cutting and shoot/root ratio were more during summer than in rainy season. Micropropagation studies carried out using the explants from ‘shy’ rooting varieties of bougainvillea indicated that, of the different explant sources tried, shoot apices and immature axillary stem segments were the most potent sources for callus formation. All the three auxins tried namely, IAA, NAA and 2,4-D were capable of initiating callus, but 2,4-D delayed the period of initiation, .'MS medium supplemented with NAA and BA was found to be most suitable for callus formation, and maximum number of cultures cullused in the presence of NAA 1.0 mg/1 + BA 0.5 mg/1, KIN was found to be less effective than BA. Maximum number of cultures callused, in the case of explants collected from the variety ‘Mahara’, compared to that from ‘Cherry Blossom’ and ‘Spring Festiva’. Attempts to induce proliferation of axillary buds showed that, MS medium containing BA 2.0 mg/l + IAA 1.0 mg/l was optimum. Higher concentrations of BA (9.0 mg/l and above), though Induced more number of shoots, they were abnormal and unhealthy. Addition of adenine sulphate 50 mg/l produced a synergistic effect on shoot production. Fresh shoot apices and precallused shoots rooted readily on full and half strength MS medium supplemented with different auxins like IAA, NAA and IB A. Percentage of rooting was maximum on half strength MS medium in the presence of IBA 1.6 mg/l. The time required for root initiation was reduced on half strength MS medium and further when precallused shoots were used. Field transplantation of the rooted plantlets was not successful and further studies In this espect is necessary.