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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Floriculture and Landscaping × Author: Athira Baburaj × Author: KAU × End date: 2020 × Start date: 2018 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Standardization of grafting techniques in african marigold (tagetes erecta L.) for combating bacterial wilt
    (Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2018) Athira Baburaj; KAU; Sreelatha, U
    The present study entitled “Standardization of grafting techniques in African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) for combating bacterial wilt” was taken up in the Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, College of Horticulture, during the year 2017-2018. The work was carried out under three experiments viz.,standardisation of grafting techniques, assay of enzyme activity and histological studies. The rootstock used in the study was the bacterial wilt resistant local collection M- and the wilt susceptible F1hybrid Maria 91 was used as scion. Grafting was done in the month of January. Three methods of grafting viz., cleft, splice and hole insertion were tried at different ages of rootstock (4, 5, 6 and 7 weeks after sowing) and different ages of scion (3, 4 and 5 weeks after sowing). Observation of graft survival was taken at 15 DAG (Days after grafting). It was observed that cleft grafting four week old scion on to six week old rootstock was found to be the best with a graft survival of 61 percent. It was also observed that there was no survival when grafting was done on four week old rootstock irrespective of age of scion and grafting method followed. Estimation of catalase and peroxidase was carried out to study the activity of these enzymes in graft union formation. Sampling was done at 4,8 and 15DAG. It was observed that, activities of both the enzymes increased from 4DAG to 15DAG. Highest catalase activity at 4th (0.85 EU/g), 8th (1.39 EU/g) and 15th (1.60 EU/g) DAG was observed in cleft grafting of four week old scion on to six week old rootstock. Similar results were also observed in peroxidase activity. Correlation of catalase and peroxidase activity with survival of grafts indicated that both the enzymes are positively correlated with graft survival. Histological studies of the grafts consisted of both anatomical studies and histochemical staining for lignin. It was observed that there was an intensification of the stain from 4DAG to 15DAG with advancement of lignification process in graft union. Histological studies also revealed the formation of necrotic layer in the graft union, as a result of wound repair and cell proliferation. Cleft grafting of four week old scion on six week old wilt resistant rootstock is the best method in African marigold for combating bacterial wilt.