Thumbnail Image

Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

Browse

Reset filters
Subject: Fisheries × Author: KAU × End date: 2005 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 9 of 28
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Utilization of prawn waste as pig feed
    (Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1991) Syam, Mohan K M; KAU; Sivaraman, E
    An investigation was carried out to assess the feeding value of prawn waste as a partial or complete replacement of unsalted dried fish in the rations for growing – finishing pigs. Thirty – two Large White Yorkshire weanling pigs with an average body weight of 9.1 kg were distributed randomly and uniformly as far as possible to four groups (Groups 1, 11, 111 and IV) of eight animals each, with regard to age, sex and body weight and housed in pairs of the same sex. The four dietary treatments A, B, C and D were allotted to the pigs in the groups 1, 11, 111 and IV respectively. Of the total protein, 25 per cent in the diets A, B and C and 12.5 per cent in the diet D were provided as animal protein. Unsalted dried fish was used as animal protein source in the diets C and D. Diet C formed the control diet. In the diets A and B, 50 per cent and 100 per cent replacements respectively of animal protein from unsalted dried fish were made using dried prawn waste. All the animals were maintained on the respective diets with 18 per cent total protein upto an average live weight of 50 kg and with 14 per cent protein till they attained a body weight of 70 kg or 8 months of age, whichever was earlier, when they were slaughtered to study carcass characteristics.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Development of Malaysian Type Fish Crackers From Nemipterus Japonicus (BLOCH)
    (Department of Processing Technology,College of Fisheries, Panangad, 2001) Venugopal, Dubakula; KAU; Sajan, George
    A study was undertaken for the preparation of fish crackers using a low cost fish, threadfm bream (Nemipterus japonicus, Bloch). A method was standardised for making crackers based on that generally followed in Malaysia. Fish meat was mixed with various food additives such as starch, salt, sugar, monosodium glutamate, colour and water, and stuffed into high-density polyethylene casings as rolls, cooked, cooled, sliced and dried.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on the electrophoretic pattern of Fish/ Shellfish proteins subjected to frozen storage
    (Department of Processing Technology,College of Fisheries, Panangad, 2000) Bomy, Chummar; KAU; Nambudiri, D D
    Freezing considered as an excellent process for preserving the quality of fish for longer periods. But freezing may affect various flesh components, especially the proteins. Sarcoplasmic proteins play a major role in species identification of fish and fishery products. While myofibrillar proteins play a major role in the jellying properties of surimi and surimi based products. The changes to these groups of proteins due to freezing and frozen storage have received much attention. Four species Megalaspis cordyla, Labeo rohita, Penaeus indicus and Parapenaeopsis styli/era were used for the frozen storage study. Samples were stored for 90 days at -18°C and samples were collected at 15 day. intervals and Salt Soluble Nitrogen (SSN), Water Soluble Nitrogen (WSN) and Non-Protein Nitrogen (NPN) content were determined. Electrophoretic pattern of both Salt Soluble Proteins (SSP) and Water Soluble Proteins (WSP) of frozen stored sample were compared with that of the fresh sample.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    High density rearing of Labeo Rohita (Hamilton) spown indoors using different feeds
    (Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Panangad, 1998) Dinesh, K; KAU; Mohankumaran, Nair C
    Three day old rohu spawn was reared in indoor tanks with eight different feeds The diets tried were newly hatched Artemia nauplii, size graded Moina micrura, formulated feed, Artemia nauplii + formulated feed, Moina micura+ formulated feed, first 3 days Artemia nauplii and formulated feed later on, first 3 days Moina micrura and formulated feed later on and mixed zooplankton + ricebran and GOC in I: I ratio (conventional method).
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Impact of training programme on hygienic measures followed in pelling sheds
    (Department of Management Studies, College of Fisheries, Panangad, 1989) Daisy, C Kappen; KAU; Pushkaran, P S
    The study was conducted in Quilon district of Kerala with a view to measure the impact of training programme on hygienic measures followed in peeling sheds. The major objectives were: 1. To study the level of knowledge about hygienic measuroe of trained peeling shed workers in comparison with those who have not attended the training programme. 2. To study the perception of the trained peeling shed workers about the quality of the product. • 3. To compare the association, if any, existing between the socio-psychological and economic factors of trained and untrained peeling shed workers with the level of knowledge and extent of perception. 4. To study the motivational factors responsible for attending the training programme by the peeling shed workers. The sample consisted of randomly selected 60 trained and 60 untrained peeling shed workers. Data were collected using interview schedule and suitable statistical techniques were employed for the analysis of data. The study revealed that the trained peeling shed workers had significantly higher knowledge than untrained peeling shed workers. They also had significantly higher perception about the quality of the product than untrained peeling shed workers. The peeling shed workers perceived the factor ‘Quality of the raw material’ as the most important one in determining the final quality of the product. The perception on the factors contributing to the final quality of the product were same for both trained and untrained peeling shed workers. The selected independent variables together contributed significantly in the variation in knowledge and perception about the quality of the product of both trained and untrained peeling shed workers. The correlation analysis revealed that education was positively and significantly related with level of knowledge of trained peeling shed workers; while age, occupation and family indicated negative and significant association. In the case of untrained peeling shed workers extension orienta¬tion is the only variable Which Indicated positive and signi¬ficant relationship with level of knowledge. Education showed positive and significant relationship with perception about the quality of the product of trained peeling shed workers. Age and occupation revealed negative and significant association. In the case of untrained peeling shed workers only age Indicated negative and significant relationship with perception about the quality of the product. Innovativeness was the major motive which induced the peeling shed workers to attend the training programme.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on depuration of edible oyster Crassostrea madrasensis (Preston)
    (Department of processing technology, College of fisheries, Panangad, 1993) Usha, P T; KAU; Damodaran, Namboodiri
    Oysters crassostrea madrasensis harvested from cochin back waters are commonly contaminated with low levels of food poisoning organisms such as E.coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholera, V-parahaemolyticus etc, heavy metals like cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, mercury etc and sand content. Depuration studies were conducted to find out any changes in the biochemical constituents such as total Nitrogen, salt soluble Nitrogen, Non protein Nitrogen, Ash and sand content. The studies revealed that there were no significant changes in the biochemical constituents during the 48th depuration period. Oysters were laboratory contaminated to levels in excess of 10000 cells /g with E.coli and it was cleansed from such oysters during purification in a laboratory depuration unit that used ultraviolet light and chlorination for sterilizing the depuration water. Depuration in sterilized water using ultra violet light treatment was found to be more efficient in cleansing the oyster of pathogen, E.Coli than using chlorination. Of the two salinity tested depuration of oyster in seawater at 35 ppt salinity gave better results compared t that in 30ppt salinity sea water both sterilised with uv light. Depuration of oyster in unsterile seawater and in seawater sterilised 10 ppm chlorination was found to be least effective in cleansing the oyster to the acceptable international standard of less than 2.3 E.Coli/g oyster meat within 48h depuration. There was no appreciated change in the sensory characteristics of oysters such as aroma, taste, and flavor. However there was significant change in the grittiness characteristics of oyster after 48h depuration. Depuration was not effective in removing heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, zinc, Tin and Mercury from the oyster within the depuration period of 48h.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Breeding biology of Villorita cyprinoides (Gray) in relation to salinity gradients
    (Department of Fishery Biology, College of Fisheries, Panangad, 1991) Sudha, B Nair; KAU; Jose, T M
    The present study was undertaken to investigate the influence of salinity variations on the breeding biology of populations of black clam Villorita cyprinoides (Gray), inhibiting two different cological zones of the Vembanad Lake. Two stations with perennial clam beds, but differing greatly in salinity conditions were selected for the study. Station I, in the northern side of Thanneermukkam barrier, has more influx of sea water and Station II, in the southern side has low saline influx. Monthly collections of black clams and bottom and surface waters were made from May 1989 to June 1990. Major environmental parameters such as salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH of bottom and surface waters were estimated with a view to understand the circannual variations within and between the stations. Among these, salinity was found to be the most important parameter showing prominent variations. At Station I, the bottom salinity values ranged from 0.0 to 18.12%0 and in Station II from 0.0 to 2.12%0. Histological studies of the clams collected from the two stations revealed that animals inhabiting Station I, a predominantly brackish water zone, have a protracted, almost year round breeding season extending from September to June with peak spawning during March to June and coinciding with the peak salinity levels and temperature. At Station II, a predominantly freshwater zone, the clams have a short duration spawning season extending from March to June with peak spawning during Apirl and May, again coinciding with the peak salinity levels and temperature. It is also observed that there exists a positive correlation between the bottom salinity and gondal maturation and spawning. Size – frequency studies of the calms collected from the two stations revealed that at Station I, the clam fishery was dominated by small sized animals, when compared to Station II. This may be related to the differences observed in the extend of spawning activity between the population of the two stations, resulting in the divergent apportionment of energy resource for somatic growth versus reproduction.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Investigations on head drooping In head-on processed prawns
    (Department of Processing Technology, College of Fisheries, Panangad, 1994) Jose, V T; KAU; Sherief, P M
    Head drooping is the major quality problem associated with processing of headon prawns. The head drooping in head on prawns refers to the condition of oozing out of hepatopancreatic juice resulting from the breakage of the arthrodial membrane, which connects cephalothoraz of prawn to abdomen dorsally. The susceptibility of prawns to head drooping depends on the stability of the arthrodial membrane which in turn is determined by its biochemical composition. In this connection various biochemical constituents of the arthrodial membrane such as protein, phospholipid, moisture, calcium and cholesterol were analysed for two specied of prawn, Penaeus indicus and Penaeus monodon under three size groups (30/40, 50/60, and 70/80 pieces /kg). The activities of various hydrolytic enzymes of the hepatopancreas were also studied. The various biochemical constituets showed significant difference between species. Within the same species a size wise variation in the constituents of the arthrodial membrane and enzyme activity of hepatopancreas was observed. The various unit process such as hauling time, ice storage durations, freezing methods, cold storage durations and thawing methods were studied individually for their influence on head drooping. The study shows that the major determinants of head drooping in prawns are the biochemical composition of the arthrodial membrane and the easiness with which the hydrolytic enzymes of the hepatopancreas are released on postmortem handling and processing.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Abundance and distribution of the nonconventional deep-sea finfish resources off the south-west coast of India (lat.7-10N)
    (Department of Fishery Biology, College of Fisheries, Panangad, 2005) Sajeevan, M K; KAU; Rajasekharan Nair, J
    Most of the conventional fishery resources of the continental shelves of the Indian EEZ are either optimally exploited or over exploited. Exploitation of the unexploited nonconventional finfishes will be a solution to meet the growing demand for fish in the country. The present study based on the exploratory fishing data of M.F.V. Matsya Varshini during the period of February 2004 to April 2005 indicates the presence of nonconventional finfish resources along the deeper waters (100-500 m) off the south west coast of India (70-100N lat.). 97 species belonging to 16 orders, 51 families, and 78 genera recorded during the study points to the rich diversity of nonconventional finfishes in the study area. Nonconventional finfishes formed 72% of the trawl catches obtained during the period under study. Distribution pattern and abundance of the nine species/species-groups are presented and discussed. Area-wise 70-80N lat. (200-500 m depth zone) has been found to be more productive and the abundance has shown a decreasing trend towards the northern latitudes. Results of the study confirm that bathymetric difference is the key factor for the distribution and abundance of deep-sea finfishes. Depth wise, the 200-300 m zone has been found to be more productive with a relative abundance of 1829.7 kg.h-1 of deep-sea finfishes. Trichiurus auriga with a relative abundance of 146.78 kg.h-1 dominated among finfishes, followed by Psenopsis cyanea with an average relative abundance of 144.38 kg.h-1. Existence of seasonal variation and difference of habits of the nonconventional finfishes have been observed during the study. Results of the length frequency studies carried out for seven important nonconventional finfish species are discussed. A standing stock of 98442.17 tonnes estimated for the nonconventional finfishes from the study area makes them a potential resource for commercial exploitation. Biomasses of the 9 species/species-groups of nonconventional finfishes estimated separately are also presented. Need of an organized survey of nonconventional deep sea finfishes covering the entire Indian EEZ by using different types of gears has been highlighted.