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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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2005 - 20092
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Subject: Dairy Technology × End date: 2010 × Start date: 2000 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Development and standardisation of low fat frozen dessert
    (Department of Dairy Science, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2005) Rajesh, M B; KAU; Geevarghese, B I
    An experiment was conducted to assess the feasibility of the incorporating mango pulp to replace milk fat in the preparation of low fat frozen dessert at 50 and 100 per cent levels (treatments) with the objective of developing a low calorie, low cost frozen dessert. The physico-chemical properties, organoleptic qualities, microbiological parameters and nutritional attributes of the low fat frozen dessert were studied and compared with normal ice cream (control). It was found that replacement of milk fat with mango pulp resulted in a mix with increased specific gravity, viscosity, titratable acidity and sucrose. However, a decreasing trend was observed in pH, fat and protein but normal value was observed in total solids since figuring of mix was done accordingly. It was observed that whipping ability and overrun of treatments decreased as the replacement level of mango pulp increased. But specific gravity, weight per litre and meltdown time increased with increase in replacement level. Replacement of milk fat with mango pulp does not produce any significant difference in microbiological qualities. Energy value was also lower in treatments as compared to control. Organoleptic quality of low fat frozen desserts were comparable to normal ice cream. Cost reduction of low fat frozen dessert mixes with 50 and 100 per cent replacement were 8.15 and 10. 86 per cent respectively as compared to control.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Survivability of microencapsulated lactobacillus acidophilus L A-5 synbiotic icecream
    (Department of Dairy Science, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2009) Albert Arockiaraj, P; KAU; Prasad, V
    An experiment was conducted to study the efficiency of microencapsulation to improve the survivability of L. acidophilus LA-5 along with the addition of oligofructose in the formulated synbiotic ice cream. The treatment mixes and ice creams were analyzed for various properties by using standard procedures and compared with the control. It was found that addition of L. acidophilus LA-5 either in free or microencapsulated state has not affected the acidity and pH of the ice cream mix. Microencapsulation of L. acidophilus LA-5 increased the specific gravity of the ice cream mix along with addition of oligofructose. Fat, probiotic and coliform counts of the all the treatment ice cream mix were similar to that of the control. The fat content of all treatment ice creams were similar to that of their ice cream mix. Addition of free or encapsulated L. acidophilus LA-5 has not affected the overrun or whipping ability of ice cream. The pH of ice cream was significantly reduced by L. acidophilus LA-5 in free state rather than in microencapsulated state. Addition of oligofructose and low pH increased the meltdown time of ice cream. The weight per litre of ice cream increased significantly with addition of oligofructose than by addition of L. acidophilus LA-5 in both state. Fat and sugar replacers increased the specific gravity of ice cream mix, weight per litre of ice cream and reduced the whipping ability, overrun and meltdown time. Reduction in probiotic count of ice cream was more pronounced during freezing than hardening and storage. The overall probiotic count in ice cream with microencapsulated form of L. acidophilus LA-5 was significantly higher than the ice cream with free form of L. acidophilus LA-5. Low level of fat content has not affected the survivability of L. acidophilus LA-5 in low fat synbiotic ice cream. Overall sensory acceptance of ice cream with microencapsulated L. acidophilus LA-5 was similar to that of the control. Free form of L. acidophilus LA-5 caused slight acidic or sour flavour in the ice cream. Low fat synbiotic ice cream had lowest sensory acceptability. Cost of production of production of synbiotic ice cream with microencapsulated L. acidophilus LA-5 was more than the control. Addition of microencapsulated L. acidophilus LA-5 did not affect any of the technological parameters of the formulated synbiotic ice cream. Microencapsulation efficiently improved the survivability of L. acidophilus LA-5 in the ice cream and ascribed to it the status of a suitable functional food to deliver the recommended level of probiotics with very good sensory attributes to the consumer.