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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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20191
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Subject: Biotechnology × Author: Anjana, Babu × End date: 2020 × Start date: 2014 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    In vitro studies on anti-infective properties of leaf and root extracts of selected medicinal plants against gastro intestinal bacterial pathogens.
    (Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2019) Anjana, Babu; KAU; Shiburaj, Sugathan
    The thesis entitled “in vitro studies on anti-infective properties of leaf and root extracts of selected medicinal plant against gastro intestinal bacterial pathogenes” was carried out in the Microbiology division of Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, during 2018-2019 academic years.The objective of the study was Screening of medicinal plant extracts for anti infective property against gastro intestinal bacterial pathogens and identification of lead compounds, targeted efficacy testing of selected compounds against FtsZ proteins through in vitro and in silico approaches, demonstrating the effect of the compounds identified on virulence factors and bio-film formation of enteropathogens. Diarrhoeal diseases remain a leading cause of preventable death, especially among children under five in developing countries. Acute watery diarrhoea mainly affecting children of developing countries that results in dramatic dehydration and it is most dangerous in the very young. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli or Vibrio cholerae are most common causative agent of acute watery diarrhoea. Diarrhoea also cause huge economic burden on people of impoverished countries. There is need for novel anti-infective agents that can prevent disease and economic burden of diarrhoea. Developing countries are rich source of traditional knowledge and natural resources. These resources can be channelized to develop novel anti-diarrhoeal agents that can prevent emergence and dissemination of gastrointestinal pathogen including drug-resistant strains. Many diarrhoeal diseases are known to be treated with herbal remedies throughout the history of humankind. Even today, plant materials continue to play a major role in primary health care as therapeutic remedies in many developing countries. For centuries, many secondary metabolites present in leaves are found to have an outstanding role in medical world. Most of these compounds belong to alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, quinones, coumarin and tannins. Leafs and roots are been extensively used in folk and modern medicine for treating various diseases. 105 We have explored anti-infective activity of the leaf and roots ethanol extract of five medicinal plants Moringa oleifera, Bixa orellana, Persicaria glabra, Pimenta dioica and Homonia riparia against enteropathogens like E. coli, V. cholera, E. faecalis, S. Typhi and S. aureus. Among these extractes hot ethanol extracts of persicaria glabra exhibited antibacterial activity against gastrointestinal pathogens such as E. coli, V. cholera, E. faecalis, S. Typhi and S. aureus. It also induced filamentation of Bacillus subtilis 168 which is an indication of cell division inhibition. The active compound present in persicaria glabra extract was identified to be querecetin, this compound can be used to develop novel anti-diarrhoeal agents.