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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Aquaculture × End date: 2002 × Start date: 2002 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Biomodulation of non-specific immune response in the tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon fabricus with spirulina iccorporated diet
    (Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Panangad, 2002) Jadhav vishal Shripatrao; KAU; Devika, Pillai
    Black tiger shrimp; Penaeus monodon is an important species cultured all over the world. However, disease outbreaks have caused senous economic losses in several countries. For successful farming of shrimps disease prevention is a prime necessity The present study was designed to assess the immunostimulating potential of Spirulina and to see its effect on growth as well as colour of P. monodon juveniles. In this study, juveniles of P. monodon were used for evaluating the effect of different levels of Spirulina on growth, food conversion ratio, food conversion efficiency, survival as well as prophylactic potency of Spirulina evaluated by proPhenoloxidase activity, antibacterial assay, haemagglutinin assay, phagocytosis and challenge study Effect of Spirulina on colour of shrimps was also studied. Five experimental diets designed as T I to T 5 were prepared by using clam meat, Spirulina, rice bran, cod liver oil and vitamin- mineral mix. The total protein content of all diets were kept near to 40% and Spirulina was incorporated at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% in diets by replacing clam meat. Completely randomized design with five treatments each having four replications was used for analyzing the results. In each tank ten numbers of Penaeus monodon juveniles were kept. Feeding was done for a period of 35 days. The test animals fed with diet containing Spirulina up to 30% incorporation showed better growth, food conversion ratio and food conversion efficiency. But survival during experiment was not affected by the addition of Spirulina. Spirulina incorporated treatments showed higher phenoloxidase activity than control. Antibacterial activity was also observed in the treatments incorporated with Spirulina, while in control no antibacterial activity was observed. Result of agglutinin activity was not 99 clear as control also showed agglutination in undiluted haemolymph sample and partial agglutination in 1:2 dilution of haemolymph. Spirulina incorporated treatments showed agglutination up to 1:4 dilution of haemolymph. But in 1:4 dilution only partial agglutination was observed. Increased adherence of haemocyte to yeast cells was observed indicating higher phagocytic activity in the treatment incorporated with Spirulina, while adherence of haemocyte was rarely observed in control. On challenge with Vibrio parahaemolyticus, shrimps treated with Spirulina incorporated diet showed delayed mortality as compared to control. Spirulina treated shrimps showed darker colouration than control.