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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Aquaculture × Author: Leesha, O S × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2000 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of carbon dioxide anaesthesia on Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fry during transportation
    (Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Panangad, 2000) Leesha, O S; KAU; Jayasree Vadhyar, K
    The present work was undertaken to study the effect of carbon dioxide anaesthesia and packing density on Labeo rohita fry in oxygen - packed transportation. Hatchery produced rohu fry of25 mm and 750 mg average length and weight were used for the study. Sodium bicarbonate at three different concentrations viz., 0.2g 11, O.4g 11 and 0.6g 11 mixed with glacial acetic acid (mlll) in the ratio 2:1 in freshwater as the packing me- dium was tried for in situ production of carbon dioxide anaesthesia. The fry were packed at five packing densities viz., 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 fryll under uniform initial oxygen pressure of 0.2 Kg/ern" The behavioral pattern of the fry, induction time, recov- ery time, safe duration of 100% survival and the subsequent duration down to 70% survival were studied. The surviors were transferred to aerated freshwater without the chemicals and were observed for 96 hours for subsequent survival. Light sedation of the fry characterized by slow movement without losing equilib- rium and with response to external stimuli was observed in the first dose of carbon dioxide anaesthesia with an induction time of 10- 15 minutes. The recovery time was not clear in the lower packing densities of 100,200 and 300 fryll, while it was 3 - 4 minutes at the higher packing densities of 400 and 500 fryll. The safe duration was maximwn under this dose i.e., 39.0 h, 17.0 h, 10.0 h, 6.0 hand 3.0 hat 100,200,300, 400 and 500 fryll respectively. This was significantly different from the other two treat- ments as well as control. By using this dose the safe duration could be enhanced 1.5 to 6 fold compared to the control depending on the packing densitity. Similar trend was noticed at 90, 80 and 70% survival. The second and third doses resulted in deep sedation characterized by slow movement without losing equilibriwn and with no response to external stimuli. In the former dose the safe duration was more than that of the control only at the higher packing densities of 400 and 500 fry/L In the latter case it was shorter than that of the control and hence not at all practicable at any of the packing densities tried. The recovered fry survived for the observed period of 96 hours. Linear relation could be established between the packing densities and duration of transport for the first and second dose as well as the control. The water quality parameters of the oxygen - packed jars viz., dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide, ammonia- N, total alkalinity and pH were analyzed initially, before packing the fry, and finally at 70% survival of the fry. The final water quality in the jars treated with the first dose was the least stressful for the fry, compared to the other doses and control.