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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Aquaculture × Author: KAU × End date: 2003 × Start date: 2003 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of eyestalk ablation on the rematuration of female macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) in captivity
    (Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Panangad, 2003) Vadher Kailashkumar Hirabhai; KAU; Aneykutty, Joseph
    The giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii is one of the commercially important spccces widely cultured throughout the tropics, subtropics and some parts of the temperate region. Non- availability of brood stock in sufficient numbers at appropriate time has been the greatest constraint for successful operations of prawn hatcheries. To avoid entire dependence on natural sources, development of brood stock of female prawns in captivity is essential. The objectives of the present study were to find out the role of eyestalk ablation on rematuration of spent female of M. rosenbergii in captive conditions and to study the histology of the ovary during rematuration of eyestalk ablated and unablated spent female of M. rosenbergii. In the rematuration experiment the effect of eyestalk ablation on moulting frequency, spawning frequency, larval hatch fecundity, incubation period, ovarian development and ovarian index of spent female of M. rosenbergii was evaluated for 60 days. The histology of ovary in M. rosenbergii during rematuration was also studied. The analysis of the result was done with student's t-test and paired t- test. A significant difference was observed in moulting frequency and spawning frequency of ablated and 'unablated spent female of M. rosenbergii. Larval hatch fecundity of ablated and unablated spent female of M. rosenbergii was not found to vary significantly. Significant difference was found in larval hatch fecundity after first time and second time hatching of both ablated and un ablated individuals. The incubation period was not found to vary significantly among ablated and unablated. However, slight reduction in incubation period was observed in ablated ones. Five histological stages of ovaries viz. previtellogenic stage, early vitellogenic, vitellogenic and late vitellogenic and matured oocytes were observed. In the histological sections of the ovaries, starting from spent ovary to the ripe ovary at weekly interval, similar type of oocyte development stages were observed in both ablated and unablated. IIowever, the size of largest oocyte in ablated was slightly higher than the size of oocyte in unablated at each week of development. It was observed in the present study that ovarian index of ablated spent female was higher than unablated at each week of development. The rematuration experiment has shown that eyestalk ablation significantly enhanced moulting frequency and spawning frequency but the effect was insignificant in terms of larval hatch fecundity and incubation period in spent female of M. rosenbergii. Insignificant increase in ovarian development and ovarian index were also observed in ablated spent female of M. rosenbergii.