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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Aquaculture × Author: Beryl, E B × End date: 2005 × Start date: 2005 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Commercial probiotics in tank reared nursery phase of freshwater prawn,Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De man, 1879)
    (Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Panangad, 2005) Beryl, E B; KAU; Mohanakumaran Nair, C
    The efficacy of two commercial probiotics, Waves and Epicin on the growth and survival of M. rosenbergii PL and on the chemical and biological characteristics of water and soil were studied. The experimental set up consisted of fiberglass tanks of 70 l capacity with two treatments and a control, each with 5 replicates. Soil from a fishpond was filled to a height of 5 cm and water filled to a height of 25 cm. The post larvae were stocked @ 500 no/m2 and mild aeration provided. Commercial freshwater prawn feed starter 1 (Higashi) was given @ 100% of body weight. Analysis before the introduction of probiotics showed the presence of microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Hafnia alvei, Faecal Streptococci, Aeromonas caviae, A. sobria, A. hydrophila and Enterobacter aerogenus in the water and soil. Enterobacteria such as Enterobacter aerogenus, Hafnia alvei, Aeromonas sobria and A. hydrophila were present in the PL. The probiotics Waves and Epicin were added @ 0.5 ppm and 0.25 ppm respectively to the experimental tanks once in ten days and the microbiological observations and water quality parameters were studied once in 15 days. The introduction of the probiotics increased the growth and survival and reduced the F.C.R. of M. rosenbergii in nursery system. The species composition of the bacteria in the soil, water and body of the animal were not affected by treatment with probiotics, other than that the E. coli present originally and continued in the control was not detected in the tanks treated with probiotics. The T.P.C. was also less in the treatments compared to the control. Probiotics considerably reduced the level of NH3-N in culture tanks. Epicin was found to have reduced the NH3-N level effectively than the Waves.