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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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1992 - 19982
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Subject: Animal Reproduction and Gynecology × Author: KAU × End date: 1999 × Start date: 1992 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Superovulation, Sychronisation of oestrus and embryo transfer in crossbred cows
    (Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1992) Suresan Nair, S P; KAU; Neelakanta Iyer, C P
    The object of the present investigation was to ascertain the influence of varying doses of FSH and PGF2₻on various parameters of superovulation and embryo collections, with the ultimate aim of fixing the optimum dose of FSH and PGF2 ₻ required for successful superovulation in crossbred cows. Detailed investigation was made in a herd of 32 crossbred cows belonging to the University Livestock Farm, attached to the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, during the period from April 1989 to December, 1991. The animals were randomly divided into 6 groups based on 3 doses of FSH and 2 doses of PGF2 ₻ administered. It was observed that 20 mg of FSH, with 25 mg of PGF2 induced satisfactory superovulation response and 20 mg of FSH with 15 mg of PGF2 ₻ resulted in better embryo quality. Further increase in the dose did not show any improvement in the responses. Right ovary showed more response than the left. Day 11 was found to be ideal for starting superovulation treatment, and day 6 for embryo collection, though statistically no significant influence was noticed by day of collection on superovulation response. Parity and age of donors had no influence on superovulation. Rainy and summer months were found to be better seasons for superovulation treatment than winter. Shorter duration (24 hr) of oestrum was noticed in more number of animals. 20 mg of FSH and 25 mg of PGF2 ₻ (group 3) yielded better cervical dilatation and flushing efficiency. Level of progesterone increased following superovulation treatment and declined 3 days before oestrum and reached the lowest level on day of oestrum. Pregnancy rate achieved was 33.3 per cent, but calving percentage was nil.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Ovarian response to gonadotrophin releasing hormone in non-cyclic goats
    (Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1998) Aravinda Ghosh, K N; KAU; Mathai, E
    The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Gonadotropic Releasing Hormone (GnRH) on ovarian activity and its usefulness in restoring normal oestrous cycle in adult non-cyclic goats. A total of 60 healthy Malabari, Malabari x Saanen and Malabari x Alpine does aged one to four years, with a record of one or more kiddings and 45 days post partum belonging to Goat Farm of Kerala Agricultural University, Mannuthy were closely observed for a period of 60 days for the occurrence of oestrus and serum samples were collected at fortnightly intervals for the estimation of macro and micro minerals. Serum progesterone profile in eight cyclic and sixteen non-cyclic does, selected at random, were estimated by Radioimmunoassay using a coat-A-count progesterone kit. Out of eight non-cyclic does treated with potent GnRH anologue (Buserelin) three responded to single dose and one responded to a second dose. The oestrus was exhibited at a mean of 87.000 ± 9.950 h after the administration of GnRH analogue. The mean length of oestrous cycle and duration of oestrus in cyclic does were 20.313 ± 1.553 days and 37.500 ± 7.263 hrs while in GnRH responded does were 12.750 ± 0.830 days and 18.000 ± 4.240 hrs, respectively. The mean serum phosphorus level was found significantly higher in GnRH responded does (5.375 ± 0.205 mg per cent) as compared to cyclic does (4.800 ± 0.260 mg per cent) and non-cyclic does (4.770 ± 0.280 mg per cent). There was significantly higher serum copper level in GnRH responded (1.123 ± 0.089 ppm) and in cyclic does (1.160 ± 0.170 ppm) as compared to non-cyclic controls (0.830 ± 0.110 ppm) . The serum zinc level was significantly higher in non-cyclic (1.510 ± 0.430 ppm) as compared to cyclic (1.180 ± 0.120 ppm) and GnRH responded does (1.155 ± 0.091 ppm). There was no significant difference in the serum calcium, cobalt and manganese level between the three groups. The mean serum progesterone in cyclic does for the two consecutive cycles was 0.304 ± 0.087, 1.294 ± 0.382, 2.531 ± 0.758, 3.619 ± 0.794, 2.456 ± 0.430 and 0.871 ± 0.246 ng/ml and in GnRH responded does was 0.158 ± 0.026, 0.800 ± 0.177, 1.475 ± 0.334, 0.675 ± 0.236, 0.280 ± 0.030 and 0.120 ± 0.021 ng/ml on day one, four, six, ten, 14 and 18 of cycle, respectively. The overall mean serum progesterone during induced cycle in GnRH responded does was 0.535 ± 0.139 ng/ml which was significantly lower as compared to cyclic does (1.848 ± 0.339 ng/ml) but significantly higher as compared to untreated non-cyclic does (0.190 ± 0.106 ng/ml), Detailed biometry studies of pituitary ovary, uterus and cervix of GnRH responded does showed non-significant increase in the size and weight as compared to untreated non-cyclic does. The mean number and size of follicles were found significantly higher in GnRH responded as compared to non-cyclic does. The mean tissue ACP, ALP and LDH in the pituitary, ovary and uterus of GnRH responded does showed non significant increase as compared to untreated non-cyclic does. The mean LDH level in both ovaries together was significantly higher in GnRH responded does as compared to non-cyclic does. The present study confirms that GnRH administration in non-cyclic does has reactivated the ovary by increased follicular growth, maturation and corpus luteum formation. However, the length of induced oestrous cycle, duration and intensity of oestrus was significantly less in GnRH responded does