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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Animal Physiology × Author: KAU × Author: Ramakrishna Pillai, M G × End date: 1986 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on the metabolic activity of the productive system of chicken
    (Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1978) Ramakrishna Pillai, M G; KAU; Nirmalan, G
    Information on the specific role of onzymes in controlling the various biochemical events leading to formation of an egg in the avian oviduct is scanty. Hence, it was considered worth while to investigate the onzyme pattern in the plasma and in the reproductive organs in white Leghorn and white Plymouth Rock breeds of fowls, and to studyt the tissue localization of acid and alkaline phosphatases by histochemical techniques. The influences of various oxogenous sex hormones on the development and onzyne pattern of the female reproductive organs was also studied. The blood plasma and tissue homogenatee of the reproductive organs were assayed for alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaainace , acid phosphatase, glutante pyruvate transaminases and glucose-6- phosphatase. Many of the enzymes studied were present in the plasma and tissue homogenates without any significant breed difference. Acid phosphatase activity could not be detected in he blood [plasma of one-to-two-months-old white Leghorn and White Plymouth rock birds. In the white plymouth rock chicken,ma glutanate pyruvate transaminase activity also could not be detected. Alkaline activity was higher in the ovary of White Leghorn breed of fowls. phosphatase In the two-to-three-month-old pullets, White Plymouth rock bird showed higher concentration of glucose-6-phosphatase in their oviducts. Five-to six-month-old folwle of both the breed did not show any plasma acid phosphatase activity. But in the infundibulue, activities of both the transminaces were higher in the White Leghorn fowle. Glutamate pyruvate tranminance activity in white Plyouth rock oviducvt was conficed to the megaum and isthmue. While there was not significant difference in the morophological development of the oviduet in immature chicken under the influences of different combination of stilbestrol diprepienate and testoateronar propionate or stilbestrol dipropionate and progeetrone compared to chickens on stil bestrol dipropionate alone the White Leghorn chickens receiving stilbostrol dipropinate and testoaterins propicnate showed higher ovariam levels of acid phosphatase and glutamate transminase. pyruvate Oviducal contents of acid phosphatase, glutamate oxalocetate and glutamate pyruvate transminases were also high. In the white Plymouth rock ehicken, on the other hand, lower concentration of plasma glutnate pyruvate transmainase and lower levels of oviducal alkaline phosphatase, acid phophatase and glutanate oxalocetate transminace were evident. In between the two experimental groups, the white Plymouth rock chickens had higher content of acid phosphatase in the iethmus and glucose-6-phosphatase in the varina. But, among the control groups higher contents of plasma glutamae pyruvate transaminase and oviducak alkaline phosphatase were seen in he whit plymouth rock chicks. Stilbestrol dipropionate and progreaterone administation resulted in higher oviducal concentraion of glutamate oxalocacetate tamsmionase in white plymouth rock chicks. Glutamate pyruvate tranmnase activity could tissues studied. In white Leghorn experimental chicks the ovarian acid phosphatase content was less than their corresponding control chicks. Histochemical localisation of alkline phosphatase was seen in all the region of the female reproductive organs in both the breeds. Ovarian localization of the enzyme was in the follicular optithelium and strima with strong reaction for the enzyme in many of the blood veacole. The reaction was of stronger intensity in magmm and gvagina coupared to other regionsof the oviduct. Localization of acid phosphatase was similar to that of alkaline phosphatase. The histochemical localization of acid and alkaline phosphatase in the various regions of the female reproductive organs developed under the influence of different sex hormones were similar to those seen in adult fowls. However, the intensity of the staining reaction for the ensyme in the reproductive organs of chicks developed under the influence of stilbestrol dipropionate was more compared to that of the other two experimental groups.