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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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Subject: Animal Genetics and Breeding × Author: Ariprasath, K × Start date: 1979 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Microsatallite marker based characterization of indigenous pigs of Kerala
    (Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2006) Ariprasath, K; KAU; Usha, A P
    The study was undertaken to assess the genetic diversity among four indigenous pig population of Kerala using microsatellite markers. The animals were selected from various part of Kerala, population I included the conserved Angamali pigs from university farm, Mannuthy, population II consisted of animals from Koothattukualm, population III were the animals from Ollur and animals from border districts of Kerala formed the population IV. Genetic analysis was carried out using five polymorphic microsatellite markers. Blood samples were collected from 100 unrelated indigenous pigs from all four populations and DNA was isolated. The phenol-chloroform method of extraction yielded 224.35±9.86µg/5ml of blood. PCR conditions were standardized for all five selected markers namely, S0005, S0101, SW1026, SW2517 and S0008. The forward primer of each marker was endlabelled with γ32 P-ATP as source of radio signal. The M13 single strand DNA was sequenced and used as a size standard. Autoradiography was employed to visualize the results. A total of eight alleles were detected in S0005 and S0101, five alleles in each of SW1026 and S0008, and six in SW2517. The heterozygosity varied from 0.7747 in SW2517 to as large as 0.8475 for S0005. The heterozygosity values for S0101, SW1026 and S0008 were 0.7774, 0.7672, and 0.7424 respectively. The PIC values ranges from 0.6974 for S0008 to 0.8291 for S0005. The PIC values for S0101, SW1026 and SW2517 were 0.7483, 0.7284 and 0.7381 respectively. The allele frequencies were used to estimate the Nei’s standard genetic distance among the populations. The distance measure ranged from 0.5704 to 0.7161, with the highest value noticed between population II and IV and the lowest between population I and III. A dendrogram was constructed using the POPGENE version 3.2 program which grouped the population I and IV in one cluster and II and III populations in another cluster.