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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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20201
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Subject: Animal Biotechnology × Author: KAU × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2020 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria (mol.) stand) genotypes for growth yield and quality
    (Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2020) Yogananda, M; KAU; Refeekher, M
    The present investigation was conducted at the Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture,Vellayani from September 2019 to Decembe 2020 to evaluate the performance of long type bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.] genotypes for growth, yield and quality and to identify potential cultivar for Kerala. The experimental material consisted of 31 long type bottle gourd genotypes. The experiment was laid out in RBD with two replications. Analysis of variance revealed that there was significant difference among the thirty-one genotypes for all the characters studied. Tvpm Local produced the longest vine length which was at par with KS-1 and IC284895. Tvpm Local produced highest number of branches per vine followed by BG-8, Naveen and Samrat. Highest number of leaves per vine at 30 DAS was recorded in BG-6. IC 538142 recorded longer inter-nodal length which was at par with BG-3. The lowest node number to produce both male and female flower was observed in BG-6. BG-1 was early in male flower production while, BG-2 was early in female flower production. Accession Tvpm Local produced highest number of male flowers which was at par with BG-2 and KAR-1. Highest number of female flowers was noted in IC342077 which were at par with Tvpm Local. Lowest sex ratio was recorded in IC342077 which were at par with Tvpm Local. The lowermost node to fruit initiation was recorded in BG-3 which was at par with IC 284895 and BG-13. BG-3 was noted for highest fruit set followed by Arka Bahar, IC 371745 and IC 334300. BG-2 was earliest to first fruit harvest followed by Naveen, BG-3. IC 371745 recorded highest fruit length which was at par with IC 538142. IC417704 recorded highest fruit diameter and flesh thickness which was at par with IC146312. IC 331101 recorded least rind thickness. Accession IC 536593 was recorded for highest fruit weight and Pant Lauki-1 was at par with it. KA-1 recorded highest of six fruits per vine which was at par with Pant Lauki-4. Tvpm Local recorded highest fruit yield per plant and yield per plot (13.0 kg and 197.9 kg) with crop duration of 129.4 days. Maximum crop duration was observed in IC417704 and IC284891 and IC 536593 were on par with it. The Highest TSS and ascorbic acid content was noted in the BG-3 and IC398545 respectively. BG-3 recorded highest dry matter content which was at par with KAR-1, IC 371745 and Samrat. IC417704 produced highest crude fiber, potassium and calcium content. High GCV and PCV were recorded for plant height, number of branches per vine, number of female flowers, fruit set, fruit length, flesh thickness, yield per plant, yield per plot, ascorbic acid content of the pulp and dry matter content. Yield had positive and significant correlation both at genotypic and phenotypic level for the yield contributing traits such as plant height, number of branches per vine, days to first harvest, fruit length, fruit weight, number of fruits per vine and duration of crop respectively. Path coefficient analysis revealed that average yield per plant showed the highest positive direct effect on number of fruits per vine, days to first male flower, fruit weight, sex ratio, days to first harvest, flesh thickness, rind thickness, number of node of appearance of first female flower, plant height, number of female flowers and fruit set. The genotypes were ranked based on selection index score considering the major characters viz., plant height, days to first female flower, number of node of appearance of first female flower, number of female flowers, sex ratio, fruit set, days to first harvest, rind thickness, flesh thickness, fruit weight, number of fruits per vine and yield plant-1. IC 536593 ranked first with a score of 2548.189 followed by Tvpm Local (2474.530), Pant Lauki-4 (2372.989) and Arka Bahar (1758.896). Based on the mean yield performance of the genotypes and selection index score IC 536593, Tvpm Local and Pant lauki-4 were best performing accessions compared to others including Arka Bahar recommended variety for Kerala (KAU, 2016). So, those three accessions can be recommended for growing in Kerala condition after confirmation in extensive field trails.