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Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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Author: DAKSHAYANI, THANGI × Start date: 2018 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF INDUSTRIAL DAIRY EFFLUENTS ON SOIL, WATER AND CERTAIN CROPS IN GUNTUR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
    (Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, 2019) DAKSHAYANI, THANGI; LAKSHMI, G.V
    A study on the “Effect of Industrial Dairy Effluents on soil, water and certain crops in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh” was undertaken at the Department of Environmental Sciences, Advanced Post Graduate Centre, Lam, Guntur during 2018-19 to evaluate the extent of soil and plants affected due to dairy effluent from Sangam dairy, Vadlamudi, Guntur district. Soil and plant samples were collected during the months of August and December 2018 at various distances from dairy viz., 250, 500, 750, 1000 m and check area samples collected from distance greater than 1000 m. Water samples were collected for a period of 6 months from August 2018 to January 2019. Various physico-chemical and chemical properties of the soil, water and plant were studied. Dairy effluent samples collected from Sangam dairy industry, Vadlamudi were analysed for physico-chemical and chemical properties. The pH and EC of water samples were found to be neutral and non-saline. Carbonates were absent and bicarbonates were observed within the permissible limits of less than 200 ppm. The mean concentrations of calcium, magnesium, chlorides, sulphates, sodium, potassium, SAR and RSC were found to be within the permissible limits (<10 and 2.5 respectively). BOD and COD of effluent samples ranged from 135 to 213 and 278 to 361 mg l-1 respectively were noticed as much above the permissible limits (100 and 300 mg l-1 respectively). The soil pH in study area (250 m to check area) was acidic to slightly alkaline in nature ranged from 6.76 to 7.71 before sowing and 6.74 to 7.68 after harvest of the crop respectively. The soils irrigated with dairy effluent were non-saline with electrical conductivity ranged from 0.31 to 0.19 dSm-1 before sowing and 0.3 to 0.19 dSm-1 after harvest of the crop respectively. The soil pH followed increasing trend with increase in distance from dairy effluent discharge point whereas, electrical conductivity of the soils followed decreasing trend with increase in distance. Medium range of organic carbon content was observed in the soils ranged from 0.42 to 0.4 before sowing and 0.42 to 0.4% after harvest of the crop respectively. xv The mean available nitrogen content of soils in study area (250 m to check area) ranged from 367 to 300 before sowing and 340 to 218 kg ha-1 after harvest of the crop. The mean available phosphorus in soils ranged from 25.4 to 34.2 before sowing and 25.5 to 30.8 kg ha-1 after harvest of the crop respectively. Available potassium in soils ranged from 462 to 220 kg ha-1 before sowing and 441 to 230 kg ha-1 after harvest of the crop. The mean available sulphur content of soils of study area was deficient with the range of 5.26 to 4.9 before sowing and 5.44 to 4.57 kg ha-1 after harvest of the crop. Available nitrogen, potassium and sulphur were followed decreasing trend with increase in distance whereas available phosphorous content of the soils in study area (250 m to check area) was followed increasing trend with increase in distance. The calcium and magnesium content of the soils before sowing of the crop in study area (250 m to check area) ranged from 6.3 to 7.4 and 2.28 to 3.03 meq per 100 g soil respectively whereas, after harvest of the crop ranged from 6.1 to 7.2 and 2.27 to 3.04 meq per 100 g soil respectively. Available calcium in soils followed increasing trend with increase in distance whereas magnesium followed decreasing trend with the application of dairy effluent. The mean available micronutrients viz., copper, iron, manganese and zinc before sowing of the crop ranged from 0.035 to 0.02, 2.82 to 1.63, 0.9 to 0.73 and 2.75 to 2.54 ppm respectively whereas, after harvest of the crop 0.3 to 0.02, 2.72 to 1.9, 0.87 to 0.75 and 2.61 to 2.58 ppm respectively. Micronutrients in the soil followed decreasing trend with increase in distance from the dairy effluent discharge area. The mean heavy metal content in the soil viz., lead, cadmium, chromium and nickel ranged from 0.0035 to 0.038, 0.0029 to 0.006, 0.002 to 0.016 and 0.0038 to 0.0053 ppm respectively was observed before sowing of the crop whereas, after harvest of the crop they ranged from 0.004 to 0.026, 0.0025 to 0.0063, 0.0023 to 0.017 and 0.0035 to 0.0059 ppm respectively. Heavy metals in the soils irrigated with dairy effluent followed increasing trend with increase in distance from dairy industry. Results shown that significant difference was observed between before sowing and after harvest of the crop in available nitrogen and calcium content in soils. All the parameters (physico-chemical and chemical properties) of the ground water in the study area (250 m to check area) were analyzed and noticed lower values than the permissible limits. The pH and EC of water was neutral and non-saline in nature. Carbonates were absent and bicarbonates were within permissible limits. The mean concentrations of calcium, magnesium, chlorides, sulphates, sodium, potassium SAR and RSC were found to be within the permissible limits. BOD and COD contents in the water samples ranged from 68 to 128 and 213 to 398 mg l-1 respectively. Total nitrogen in the plant samples irrigated with dairy effluent ranged from 0.62 to 0.54%, phosphorous from 0.26 to 0.19% and potassium from 0.43 to 0.41% followed decreasing trend with increase in distance. Calcium, magnesium and Sulphur content in the plant samples ranged from 0.07 to 0.04%, 0.18 to 0.17%, and 0.34 to 0.23% respectively when irrigated with dairy effluent. Micronutrients and heavy metals in the plant samples followed decreasing trend with increase in distance from dairy effluent discharge area. Microbial population viz., bacteria, fungi and actinobacteria in the soils irrigated with dairy effluent found to be higher at 250 m distance compared with check area. Maximum population of bacteria was 121×105 CFU g-1, fungi was 86 x 103 CFU g-1 and actinobacteria was 49×105 CFU g-1 recorded at 250 m whereas, minimum population was observed (bacteria-76×105 CFU g-1, fungi-19 x 103 CFU g-1 and actinobacteria9×105 CFU g-1) at check area from the dairy industry. xvi Present study reveals that dairy effluent application increased the nutrient content in the soil and plants when irrigated. Therefore, with proper treatment methods, dairy effluent application increases the fertility content and can mitigate the pollution problems. The heavy metal content in the soils was within the permissible limits but exceeded limits in the plants. Hence, dairy pollutant can be used as irrigation source for commercial crops rather than vegetable/ agricultural crops.