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Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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Subject: Soil and Water Engineering × Author: MURALI KRISHNA, CH. × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2022 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF TELUGU GANGA PROJECT USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS
    (guntur, 2022-08-18) MURALI KRISHNA, CH.; RAMANA, M. V.
    There is a significant increase in the irrigated agriculture in India, enhancing irrigation potential by huge investments on irrigation projects. Andhra Pradesh is one of the states in which massive irrigation infrastructure is existing under more than 100 projects and huge irrigation potential was created (~40 Lakh ha) and many more projects are in progress. Monitoring of irrigation projects for making an assessment of irrigation potential utilisation is essential on a regular basis in order to have a continuous performance evaluation. Remote sensing and GIS techniques were found to be effective tools for monitoring the irrigation projects on a regular basis. Spatial and temporal monitoring of the projects during the crop growing seasons viz., kharif, and rabi would be necessary to monitor the irrigation potential utilization and take necessary steps for making interventions for improvement. This objective would require spatial-temporal information in a synoptic view to know the progressive and problematic pockets in different irrigated agricultural lands. Satellite data provides a great scope for the synoptic coverage and multi-temporal datasets. At present, there are many satellites which provide such datasets and most of them are available in public domains. Methodology was established for the use of public domain satellite datasets from Landsat 4. The present study was focused on performance evaluation of Telugu Ganga project (TGP) from public domain satellite datasets, and the use of sophisticated modern tools of technology like remote sensing and GIS in the field of canal irrigation management. The project was started initially for supplying the drinking water to Chennai metro city about 15 TMC water. But the command area is in upland areas of Rayalaseema. So these farmers benefitted the regular water supply over the years. The remote sensing technique was used for assessing the crop condition, crop inventory, crop calendar, irrigation potential, irrigation scheduling, yield estimation and yield modelling etc. in the TGP command. xix The Satellite data availability in public domain greatly providing the scope for making a cost-effective solution for acquiring the temporal satellite data at the monthly interval over several irrigation commands. The cost-free satellites like Landsat 4 with spatial resolution of 30 m and Sentinel 2A with spatial resolution of 10 m data were found to be very much suitable for the study at regional level as 16 days interval data are available from USGS (United States Geological Service) Earth archives in the near real time. It was found that the methodology developed in the study would be useful for making a quick analysis of cropping patterns in the study area and also for reporting the same for near real time analysis. For finding out irrigation water requirement, CROPWAT8.0 software has been used successfully. The relationship between canal water, rainfall and yield etc., was established for making crop yield assessment. When 1997 and 2018 were compared, the paddy area has significantly increased by 129.2% (78688 ha to 180351 ha). This was due to improvement of canal water supply in the whole command area. Maximum NDVI images were derived during 1997 and 2018 kharif and rabi seasons data. The performance assessment was carried out in the TGP command area. In total, nine performance indicators were analysed both at macro level and micro level. The mean Irrigation intensity was found to be 71.1% for Chittoor district (for past 6 years), 72.1% for Nellore district (for past 7years), 94.2% for Kurnool district (for past 7 years), and 23.7% for Kadapa district (for past 6 years). This shows that the Irrigation intensity was very good in Kurnool district command and very poor in Kadapa district. The mean irrigation efficiencies were found to be 37.2% for Chittoor district, 50.9 % for Nellore district, 57.3% for Kurnool district, and 37.2 % for Kadapa district. The efficiencies of Chittoor and Kadapa districts were comparatively low. This would imply that nearly 62.8% of the irrigation water has been drained into the sea in one of the losses like (i) seepage losses, (ii) evaporative losses, and (iii) open drainage etc. The mean Adequacy was found to be 255.7% for Chittoor district, 159 % for Nellore district, 188% for Kurnool district, and 131.5% for Kadapa district. This indicated that 155.7%, 59 %, 88%, 31.5% excess water was available in the respective commands. Similarly, uniformity was also found to be 78.1% for Chittoor district, 69% for Nellore district, 81.3% for Kurnool district, and 80.5% for Kadapa district commands. It was found to be highest in Kurnool and lowest in Nellore district commands. The Equity was found to be not distributed uniformly in the entire TGP command. This implied poor managerial conditions existing in the delivery mechanism. The crop water utilization indices were found to be 84% for Chittoor district, 83% for Nellore district, 73% for Kurnool district, and 75% for Kadapa district commands. These values have indicated that, there is a necessity of crop scientists for intervening to increase the yields in the TGP command by advocating suitable crop management practices. Ranking has been carried out for the existing canal commands. The Ranking list has been prepared from better performing canal commands to poor performing canal commands. Nellore district canal command was performing best (1st Rank), xx Kurnool, Chittoor and Kadapa district canal commands received 2nd, 3rd and 4th ranks respectively. High water supply and low command area was the reason for Kadapa district command. The linear and quadratic regression analysis was carried out for 22 years from 1997 to 2018.From this analysis, it can be found that, the significant influence of yield by canal water with R2values. The standard statistical analysis was done for optimal allocation of canal water for major crops grown in the study area. This procedure was useful for identifying the maximum yield for major crops like paddy, groundnut, sugarcane, jowar and cotton. The maximum paddy yield of 5440 Kg/ha was attained at mean canal water supply of 1768.3 Mcum. In groundnut maximum yield of 2195 Kg/ ha was attained at mean canal water supply of 1822.6 Mcum. The maximum sugarcane yield of 934 q/ha was attained at mean canal water supply of 1950.3 Mcum. In jowar maximum yield of 1488 Kg/ ha was attained at mean canal water supply of 1822.6 Mcum. In cotton maximum yield of 1356 Kg/ ha was attained at mean canal water supply of 1893.5 Mcum. The analysis was carried out for estimating the crop water demand and also, canal water effect in command area. This is useful for the impact of Telugu Ganga project command area on farmers. Because the selected command was on Rayalaseema upland area which is severely affected by drought continuous. So, the canal water supply regularly over the years, they can cultivate the remunerative crops. Though the study is conducted under selected irrigation commands, the approach and the experience would be useful for the extension of the same in several irrigation commands in Andhra Pradesh state. Key words: Telugu Ganga Project, Remote Sensing and GIS, Canal water, Irrigation potential, irrigation efficiencies, Performance Indicators and Crop Water demand