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Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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20141
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Subject: Soil Science × Author: YASMIN, C ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON THE IDENTIFICATION AND INFLUENCE OF SOIL RELATED CONSTRAINTS ON THE LEAF NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, YIELD AND QUALITY OF SWEET ORANGE (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) GROWING ORCHARDS IN ANDHRA PRADESH
    (ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, 2014) YASMIN, C; VENKAIAH, KEERTHI
    t concentration, yield and fruit quality of sweet orange orchards and irrigation water quality in different villages of various mandals in Anantapur, Nalgonda and Prakasam districts of Andhra Pradesh. For this purpose 60 low (less than 10 t ha-1 fruit yield), 60 medium (10-15 t ha-1 fruit yield) and 60 high (more than 15 t ha-1 fruit yield) yielding orchards aged between 10 and 14 years were selected and soil samples were collected from these orchards at 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm depth. Further, 180 index leaf samples, fruit samples and irrigation water were also collected from these orchards. The soil samples were analysed for physical properties like texture, bulk density, particle density, percent pore space and maximum water holding capacity, physicochemical characteristics viz., pH, EC, OC, CEC and free CaCO3 and chemical characteristics viz., available N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu. Similarly, leaf samples were analysed for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu and fruit samples were analysed for TSS, acidity, vitamin-C, juice content, reducing, non-reducing and total sugars. In irrigation water pH, EC, cations viz., Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and anions viz., Cl-, SO42-, HCO3- and CO32- were analysed. The various textural classes observed in three districts in low yielding, medium yielding and high yielding orchard soils were loamy sand, sandy loam, sandy clay loam, sandy clay and clay. Soils of low yielding, medium yielding and high yielding orchards were medium acidic to strongly alkaline in reaction in Anantapur, Nalgonda and Prakasam districts. All the soils in different yielding orchards of three districts were non-saline in nature as the EC of these soils was far below 4 dSm-1. In the subsurface soils, EC was low. In general, CaCO3 content was higher in the soils of low yielding orchards of three districts followed by soils of medium yielding orchards whereas lower values were recorded in the soils of high yielding orchards. All the soils studied were found to be calcareous in nature. The CEC values of surface and subsurface soils showed wide variations in the low yielding, medium yielding and high yielding orchards of three districts. The surface and subsurface nitrogen status of all the orchards of three districts was low except a few. The phosphorus accumulation was also higher in all the soils of the orchards studied except a few. The similar trend of observations was also recorded with respect to available K. In the surface and subsurface soils, sufficient amount of available Ca and Mg was present in all the orchards studied in three districts. Considerable amount of available S was present both in the surface and subsurface soils of high yielding orchards of three districts, but S was deficient in the sizeable soils of low yielding and medium yielding orchards. The higher accumulation of micronutrients viz., Fe, Mn and Cu was recorded in the soils of low yielding, medium yielding and high yielding orchards of three districts. Whereas the Zn was deficient in sizeable soil samples of all the orchards studied. Foliar concentration of N was found to be sufficient in the high yielding orchards of three districts but nearly 30 % and 25 % of leaf samples in medium yielding and low yielding orchards, in leaf N respectively. With respect to foliar concentration of P, nearly 50 % and 30 % of leaf samples were deficient in low and medium yielding orchards respectively but P deficiency was not noticed in leaf samples of high yielding orchards. In general, the concentration of K was deficient in 50 %, 40 % and 15 % of leaf samples collected from low yielding, medium yielding and high yielding orchards of three districts respectively. The Ca and S concentration of index leaf of sweet orange was deficient except in few leaf samples. The leaf Mg concentration was sufficient in low yielding and medium yielding orchards except in few samples. The leaf micronutrients viz., Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn was found to be sufficient in high yielding orchards, whereas the same was medium to low in medium yielding and low yielding orchards of three districts. The highest fruit yield was recorded in high yielding orchards followed by medium yielding and low yielding orchards. The TSS of sweet orange fruits of all the orchards in three districts was higher when compared with values of 6.40 % prescribed for sweet orange. The acidity of sweet orange fruits was more in all the orchards studied as per the standards (0.4 to 0.7 %) given by Satyanarayana and Ramasubba Reddy (1994). The juice percentage of sweet orange observed from all the orchards was lower when compared with standards (> 42 % juice). The ascorbic acid content of sweet orange fruit was higher in the high yielding orchards of all the districts as compared to that of low yielding and medium yielding orchards. Total sugars of sweet orange fruits were affected by high pH and high clay in the low yielding orchards of Nalgonda district. But these were influenced by soil N in low yielding orchards of Prakasam district. The reducing sugars were significantly influenced by soil N in low yielding orchards and leaf K in high yielding orchards of Prakasam district respectively but it was affected by CaCO3 in high yielding orchards of Nalgonda district. The pH of irrigation water was ranged from neutral (7.00) to alkaline (8.60) in the districts of Anantapur, Nalgonda and Prakasam. The EC of all the ground water was below the safe limit of 2.25 dSm-1 prescribed by Gupta et al. (1994). The concentration of major cations in low yielding orchards of Anantapur and Nalgonda districts was in the order of Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+. In Prakasam district of low yielding and high yielding orchards, the concentration of major cations was in the order of Na+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > K+. The concentration of major anions of ground water collected from all the orchards was in the order of Cl- > SO42- > HCO3- > CO32- in low yielding, medium yielding and high yielding orchards of Anantapur, Nalgonda and Prakasam districts, whereas the order Cl- > HCO3- > SO42- > CO32- was observed in low yielding and high yielding orchards of Prakasam district in Andhra Pradesh. SAR of ground water of all the orchards was in the safe limit except in few gardens, whereas RSC of ground water was below the critical limit. In multiple regression studies, yield of low yielding orchards of Nalgonda district was significantly influenced by soil N. In case of the high yielding orchards, yield was influenced by soil CaCO3, N, Ca, Mn and Zn whereas in medium yielding orchards of Prakasam district, yield was influenced by soil S. In the high yielding orchards of Nalgonda district leaf K, Zn and Cu had significantly influenced the yield and leaf N had significantly influenced the yield of medium yielding orchards of Prakasam district. In low yielding orchards of Prakasam district, leaf S and Zn had significantly influenced the yield. In high yielding orchards of Prakasam district, yield was significantly influenced by leaf Ca and leaf P. The detailed study of the sweet orange crop revealed that the yield and quality of sweet orange grown under adverse soil environment would be reduced drastically due to the poor management practices. The unfavourable soil environment will not be suitable for growing sweet orange. For achieving the maximum yield and good quality, sweet orange crops can be grown in sandy clay loam soils free from CaCO3 coupled with good management practices.