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Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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2017 - 20197
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Subject: Seed Science and Technology × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2017 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INFLUENCE OF SEED TREATMENT ON FIELD PERFORMANCE AND STORABILITY OF ACCELERATED AGED SEED OF SORGHUM
    (Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, 2019) SATISH, MURARI; BAYYAPU REDDY, K
    The present investigation was carried out in the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Advanced Post Graduate Centre, Lam, Guntur and Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Jangamaheswarapuram, Guntur during 2017-18 to study the impact of accelerated ageing on seed quality and storability and influence of seed treatment on initial seed quality, field performance of accelerated aged seed of sorghum variety NTJ -4. Initially freshly harvested (Rabi, 2017-18) seed of sorghum was subjected to accelerated ageing for 24, 36, 48 and 60 h. The standard germination and seed quality parameters of accelerated aged seeds were tested along with control (unaged seed). The accelerated ageing exhibited significant decrease in all seed quality parameters viz., germination, seedling length, seedling vigour index and field emergence. The electrical conductivity of seed leachates increased with the duration of accelerated ageing. Maximum per cent decline in germination (8%), seedling length (27.17%) seedling vigour index (33.03%) and field emergence (12%) over the control was noticed with 60 h accelerated ageing. The seed samples with different levels of germination and seedling vigour thus generated by different durations of accelerated ageing along with the control were kept for storage in cloth bags under ambient conditions. The germination and seed quality parameters were tested at monthly interval. The germination and seed quality parameters gradually decreased, while the electrical conductivity of seed leachates increased due to accelerated ageing and period of storage. The result indicated that 24 h, 36 h, 48 h and 60 h were used to predict the seed quality parameters of normal (unaged) seed of sorghum variety NTJ-4 stored for 1 to 3 months, 3-5 months, 4-8 months and 68 months of respectively xiii The accelerated aged seed was subjected to seed invigoration with 50 ppm GA3, 2% KH2PO4, 2% CaCl2 and 2% KNO3 for 10 h duration. The initial seed quality and field performance of the invigorated accelerated aged seed along with untreated accelerated aged was assessed. Results revealed that the duration of accelerated ageing caused a significant reduction in all the seed quality parameters except electrical conductivity of seed leachates, crop growth, yield and its contributing characters. But electrical conductivity of seed leachates and duration of flowering and maturity increased with increasing duration of accelerated ageing. Seed priming with different chemicals showed significant improvement in seed quality, crop growth, field performance and yield. The interaction effect between accelerated ageing and seed treatment had non-significant influence on all the seed quality and field parameters except germination and field emergence. Among the treatments seed priming with different chemicals, 2% KH2PO4 and 2% CaCl2 showed highest improvement in germination, seedling length, seedling vigour index and field emergence and decline in electrical conductivity of seed leachates. In field studies also the accelerated aged seed treated with 2% KH2PO4 and 2% CaCl2 recorded significantly highest plant height at 60 DAS and at maturity, earhead weight, earhead length, earhead width, number of seeds per head, single plant yield and 1000 seed weight along with lesser duration of 50% flowering and maturity. The seed quality studies from the harvested crop indicated that duration of accelerated ageing and seed treatment with different chemicals showed significant but marginal difference in germination, seedling length and seedling vigour index. However, the interaction between duration of accelerated ageing and seed treatment was non-significant. The present study proved that accelerated ageing test can be used to predict the storability of sorghum seed. Significant enhancement in seed quality is possible through seed priming of aged seed of sorghum with either 2% KH2PO4 or 2 % CaCl2.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON SEED BORNE FUNGI IN GROUNDNUT
    (Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, 2019) AISWARYA, NAYANI; SREE LAKSHMI, B
    The present investigation was carried out in the laboratory of Department of Seed Science and Technology, Advanced Post Graduate Centre, and RARS, Lam, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh during 2018-2019 to detect and isolate seed borne mycoflora of groundnut, to study the impact of Aspergillus spp. on seed quality parameters and management of Aspergillus spp. in groundnut. A total of 11 farmers’ saved seed samples of groundnut were collected from three different districts in Andhra Pradesh and 13 genotypes were collected from ARS, Kadiri and RARS, Tirupathi. The farmers’ saved seed samples were analysed for seed borne mycoflora by standard blotter method, deep freezing blotter method, 2, 4-D blotter method, agar plate method with PDA and paper towel method. A total of eight fungal species belonging to seven genera were found to be associated with the seed of groundnut. Among these fungi, the mean incidence of A. niger was highest followed by A. flavus, while that of Penicillium sp. was found to be the lowest in all the detection methods. Agar plate method was found to be efficient in isolation of A. niger, A. flavus, Rhizopus and Fusarium. 2, 4-D blotter method was found to be efficient for isolation of Macrophomina phaseolina and Alternaria. Standard blotter method was found to be better for isolation of Sclerotium. Deep freezing blotter method was found to be efficient for isolation of Penicillium. Of all the five methods tested, agar plate method with PDA was found to be superior in recording maximum incidence of mycoflora from all the test samples, while rolled paper towel method was found to be least effective for the detection of seed borne fungi. Samples collected from farmers of Guduru village of Nellore district were found to be highly infected with different mycoflora followed by samples collected from the farmers of Cherukupalli village of Guntur district while samples collected from the farmers of Yazili village of Guntur district were least infected with seed mycoflora. xv Studies on the location of seedborne fungi in the groundnut by component plating revealed that seed coat is the most infected part followed by cotyledons. A. niger remained the most frequently occurring fungus in both seed coat and cotyledons where as in case of embryo Fusarium followed M. phaseolina remained predominant. The impact of major seed borne fungi, A. niger and A. flavus on seed quality and biochemical characters of different genotypes was observed. Both these fungi caused reduction in all seed quality and biochemical characters except in per cent disease incidence and total phenol contents where an increasing trend is observed. Between these two fungi A. niger resulted in maximum changes in seed quality and biochemical characters over control. The results indicated that on an average, A. niger caused 25.14, 25.18, 43.99, 22.55 and 41.46 per cent reduction in seed germination, seedling length and seedling vigour index I, seedling dry weight and seedling vigour index II, respectively over control. Similarly A. flavus caused 22.38, 24.23, 41.18, 18.62 and 36.93 per cent reduction in seed germination, seedling length and seedling vigour index I, seedling dry weight and seedling vigour index II, respectively over control. The per cent infection increased from 8.87 in control to 42.23 and 40.94 in seeds inoculated with A. niger and A. flavus, respectively. On an average A. niger caused 8.82, 21.79 and 1.65 per cent decrease in protein, total sugar and oil contents and 13.22 per cent increase in total phenol content over control. Similarly A. flavus also caused 7.10, 12.08 and 1.33 per cent reduction in protein, total sugar, and oil contents and 11.69 per cent increase of phenol content over control. A total of eight treatments comprising of four fungicides viz., mancozeb, carbendazim, tebuconazole, carboxin+thiram and two bio-control agents viz., Trichoderma viride and Pseudomona fluorescens were evaluated against A. niger and A. flavus under in vitro conditions using rolled paper towel method. In case of A. niger inoculated seed, tebuconazole @ 1 g kg-1 seed recorded highest germination of 91.04% and lowest per cent disease incidence of 4.10 followed by carbendazim @ 2 g kg-1 seed. Highest seedling length (18.44 cm), seedling vigour index I (1660), seedling dry weight (0.22 g) and seedling vigour index II (19.48) was recorded in carbendazim @ 2 g kg-1 seed followed by carboxin+thiram @ 2 g kg-1 seed and mancozeb @ 3 g kg-1 seed. Similarly, in case of A. flavus inoculated seed, tebuconazole @ 1 g kg-1 seed recorded highest germination of 91.00% and lowest per cent disease incidence of 3.88 followed by carbendazim @ 2 g kg-1 seed. Highest seedling length (18.93 cm), seedling vigour index I (1716), seedling dry weight (0.23 g) and seedling vigour index II (20.60) was recorded in carbendazim @ 2 g kg-1 seed followed by carboxin+thiram @ 2 g kg-1 seed and mancozeb @ 3 g kg-1 seed. Based on the results obtained it is concluded that seed treatment with tebuconazole @ 1 g kg-1 or carbendazim @ 2 g kg-1 efficiently controls the seed borne infection of A. niger and A. flavus in groundnut.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SEED TREATMENT AND POLYMER COATING EFFECT ON GERMINATION, SEEDLING VIGOUR, FIELD PERFORMANCE AND YIELD OF HYBRID MAIZE
    (Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, 2019) PRASANTH RAJU, K; RADHIKA, K
    The present investigation was carried out in the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Advanced Post Graduate Centre, Lam, Guntur (laboratory studies) and Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Jangamaheswarapuram, Guntur (field studies) during 2017-18 to study the effect of chemical seed treatment and polymer coating on germination, seedling vigour, field performance and yield of maize hybrid, DHM 117. Initially seed was treated with chemicals i.e.,seed without chemical treatment (S1), seed treated with Thiram @ 3g kg-1 of seed(S2), seed treated with Imidacloprid @ 5g kg-1 of seed (S3) and seed treated with Thiram @ 3 g + Imidacloprid @ 5 g kg-1 of seed (S4).Then the seed was coated with polymer i.e., seed without polymer coating (P1), seed coated with polymer @ 3g kg-1 of seed (P2) and seed coated with polymer @4 g kg-1 of seed (P3). After seed treatment, seed was tested for seed quality parameters viz., germination, speed of germination, shoot length, root length, seedling length, seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight, seedling vigour index I, seedling vigour index II and root by shoot ratio. Data of seed quality parameters were analysed by adopting Factorial Completely Randomized Design (FCRD). Analysis of variance indicated that the influence of seed treatment, polymer coating and their interaction was significantly different for the various seed quality parameters. The results of the present investigation clearly revealed that the polymer coating of maize hybrid seed showed significant influence on germination, speed of germination and dry weight of the seedling, while chemical seed treatment exhibited significant effect on all the germination and seedling parameters under study except speed of germination and root/shoot ratio. The interaction effects were also observed to be significant for germination, root length, shoot length, seedling length, vigour index-I and vigour index-II. xiii Polymer coating of the seed could not able to improve the germination of maize hybrid seed but enhanced the dry matter production of seedling. Seed treatment with Imidacloprid either alone or in combination with Thiram improved the seedling growth and vigour. Among all the treatments seed treated with Thiram and without polymer coating showed high germination per cent, while seed treated with either Imidacloprid or Thiram + Imidacloprid without polymer coating had better seedling performance. In field studies treated seed was sown in the field in four replications adopting split plot design in order to find out the effect of seed treatment on crop growth and yield contributing parameters viz., days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, days to maturity, plant height at maturity, tassel length, cob length, cob girth, cob weight, number of kernels per row, number of kernel rows per cob, number of kernels per cob, 100 kernel weight and single plant yield. The results of the present investigation clearly revealed that the polymer coating of maize hybrid seed showed significant influence on tassel length, cob girth, cob length, number of kernels per row, number of kernels per cob, 100 kernel weight, cob weight and single plant yield. Chemical seed treatment exhibited significant variation on all the yield parameters except number of kernel rows per cob and the interaction effects were observed to be significant on all the parameters except days to 50% silking and maturity. Seed treatment with a combination of fungicide, insecticide and polymer resulted in improvement in yield and its contributing characters when compared to untreated seed. Among all the treatments used in the present investigation, seed treatment with Thiram @ 3g + Imidacloprid @ 5 g kg-1 of seed registered more cob length, girth, more number of kernels and 100 ker-1nel weight leading to the realization of higher single plant yield. Results obtained from character association analysis indicated that single plant yield had significant positive association with 100 kernel weight. Among the yield contributing characters days to 50% tasseling had highly significant positive association with days to maturity and days to 50% silking, while plant height at maturity showed significant negative association with days to maturity, 50% tasseling and 50% silking. Cob length exhibited significant positive correlation with cob girth and number of kernels per row, where as number of kernels per cob exhibited significant positive correlation with cob length and number of kernels per row.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENOTYPIC VARIATION FOR BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERS AND SEED QUALITY PARAMETERS UNDER DROUGHT STRESS CONDITIONS IN CHICKPEA
    (Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, 2019) HIMAJA, RAVILLA; RADHIKA, K
    The present investigation was carried out in the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Advanced Post Graduate Centre, Lam, Guntur during 2018-19 to study the genotypic variation among the chickpea genotypes for biochemical and seed quality parameters under drought stress conditions. Biochemical characters such as nitrogen content, protein, proline, soluble sugars and MDA content along with activity of peroxidase, esterase and acid phosphatase were estimated in the seed of thirty three chickpea genotypes. Significant variation in biochemical composition was noticed among the genotypes. Correlation studies revealed highly significant positive association among all the biochemical characters except MDA content which exhibited highly significant negative association with the remaining characters. Acid phosphatase exhibited positive correlation with the biochemical characters under study Seed of thirty three different chickpea genotypes were subjected to various levels (-0.3, -0.6, -0.9, -1.2 MPa) of PEG induced drought stress and tested for germination and seedling growth along with control and hydration treatments. Differential influence of PEG 6000 induced drought stress was noticed among the genotypes. With the increase in drought stress, germination, root length, shoot length, seedling length and seedling vigour index decreased gradually. In most of the genotypes complete inhibition of germination was observed at -1.2 MPa. JG 11 followed by NBeG 3 exhibited comparatively higher germination and seedling quality parameters even at higher levels of drought indicating their tolerance towards drought, while NBeG 723 and NBeG 833 did not perform better even under lower levels of drought stress. The biochemical composition and enzymatic activities of JG 11 and NBeG 3 was found to be significantly superior to that of all the remaining chickpea genotypes under study, while reverse was noticed with NBeG 723 and NBeG 833. xv Based on the data on biochemical composition of seed and seed quality parameters, two genotypes with tolerance (JG 11 and NBeG 3), three genotypes with moderate response (KAK 2, NBeG 868 and NBeG 801) and two genotypes susceptible (NBEG 723 and NBeG 833) to drought stress were selected to further study the trend of variation among the genotypes for germination and seedling quality parameters under water deficit and also the contribution of biochemical characters and enzymatic activities in the seedlings in imparting drought stress Germination, seedling growth and vigour declined significantly and progressively with increase in the level of drought stress in all the seven genotypes. However, the negative impact of drought stress was found to be more pronounced in the sensitive genotypes than the tolerant genotypes. Increased levels of drought stress showed gradual reduction in all the biochemical characters studied except for MDA content. Among the seven chickpea genotypes under study, comparatively lower reduction in nitrogen, protein, proline, soluble sugars, peroxidase, acid phosphatase and esterase activity along with a slight increase in MDA content was observed in JG 11 and NBeG 3. NBeG 723 and NBeG 833 exhibited higher levels of MDA content and greater reduction in all the remaining biochemical parameters studied indicating their susceptibility towards PEG induced drought stress. Correlation studies revealed highly significant positive association of protein, proline, soluble sugars and peroxidases with germination and seedling quality parameters, while highly significant negative correlation of MDA content was noticed with seed quality. Based on the results obtained from the above studies, the chickpea genotypes JG 11 and NBeG 3 were considered as tolerant and NBeG 723 and NBeG 833 were categorized as susceptible to PEG induced drought stress during germination and early seedling growth. These genotypes need to be further tested for their reaction to drought stress in the field. Biochemical characterization for protein, proline, soluble sugars, MDA contents and peroxidase activity can be considered as a suitable assay for screening of chickpea genotypes for drought stress.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DETECTION AND MANAGEMENT OF SEED BORNE FUNGI IN SESAME
    (Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, 2018) LAKSHMI PRAVALLIKA, PALUSANI; SREE LAKSHMI, B
    The present investigation was carried out in the laboratory of Plant Pathology, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam and Department of Seed Science and Technology, Advanced Post Graduate Centre, Lam, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh during 2017-2018 to estimate seed borne mycoflora of sesame, their impact on seed quality parameters and management of seed borne fungi in sesame. A total of 28 including 16 farmers‟ saved seed samples of sesame were collected from different farmers‟ and research stations from various sesame growing areas in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana states. The seed samples were analysed for seed borne mycoflora by standard blotter method, deep freezing blotter method, 2, 4-D blotter method, water agar method, agar plate method with PDA and paper towel method. A total of seven fungal species belonging to six genera viz., Alternaria sesami, Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp., Helminthosporium sp., Rhizopus sp., Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger were found to be associated with the seed of sesame indicating their seed borne nature. Among these fungi, the mean incidence of Alternaria sesami was highest (31.44%), while that of Helminthosporium sp. was found to be the lowest (4.82%) in all the detection methods. Among the six methods, standard blotter method was found to be superior by recording maximum incidence of mycoflora (31.48%) from all the test samples, while water agar method (9.50%) was found to be least effective for the detection of seed borne fungi. Samples collected from farmers‟ were highly infected with different mycoflora when compared to samples collected from research stations in all the six detection methods. The inhibitory effect of major seed borne fungus, Alternaria sesami was observed on seed germination, seedling length and seedling vigour index of sesame seed samples collected from different sources and locations. Significant differences in seed germination, seedling length and seedling vigour index were observed among the uninoculated as well as inoculated sesame seed samples. The results indicated that xv Alternaria sesami caused 15.13% to 49.68%, 12.77% to 46.14% and 28.28% to 72.87% per cent reduction in seed germination, seedling length and vigour index, respectively of inoculated seed over uninoculated seeds. The per cent reduction was highest in the seed samples of YLM-17 collected from farmers‟ of Prakasam district. A total of eleven fungicides, six botanicals and six bio-control agents were evaluated against Alternaria sesami under in vitro conditions using poisoned food technique and dual culture technique, respectively. Among them, fungicides viz., Combination product of carbendazim 12% + mancozeb 63% @ 0.2% and hexaconazole @ 0.2%; bio-control agents Trichoderma viride (isolate-2) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (isolate-1) and botanicals viz., garlic clove extract 10% and neem leaf extract 10% significantly inhibited the growth of A. sesami under in vitro conditions. A total of seven seed treatments, comprising of two each of fungicides, bio-control agents and botanicals and untreated control, which were identified as the best treatments under in vitro conditions, were imposed for the management of Alternaria blight in sesame in pot culture. The observations on various seed quality parameters were recorded and the results revealed significant differences in germination (%), seedling length (cm) and seedling vigour index-I among different seed treatments as compared to control (untreated seeds). The variation in seedling vigour index-II was non-significant among different seed treatments. Sesame seed treated with combination product of carbendazim 12% + mancozeb 63% @ 0.2% recorded higher seed germination (98.75%), seedling length (16.80 cm), seedling vigour index-I (1659) and seedling vigour index-II (2.94) when compared to other treatments prior to sowing. Evaluation of selected fungicides, botanicals and bio-control agents against Alternaria leaf spot of sesame in pot culture showed that seed treatment with combination product of carbendazim 12% + mancozeb 63% @ 0.2% was effective in reducing the disease intensity (63.20%) of Alternaria leaf spot and also increase in plant height (44.11 cm), number of capsules per plant (12.53), seed yield per plant (2.23 g) and harvest index (14.17) when compared to control (without seed treatment). The observations recorded on various seed quality parameters of harvested seed from pot culture revealed significant differences among different seed treatments. Sesame seed harvested from seed treated with combination product of carbendazim 12% + mancozeb 63% @ 0.2% recorded highest seed germination (99.33%), seedling length (17.37 cm), seedling vigour index-I (1725) and seedling vigour index-II (3.97). Based on the present results it is concluded that seed treatment with combination product of carbendazim 12% + mancozeb 63% @ 0.2% reduces the seed borne infections besides improving yield and quality parameters in sesame.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INFLUENCE OF SEED INVIGORATION ON SEED QUALITY AND YIELD IN CHICKPEA (Cicer arietinum L.)
    (Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, 2018) SUMA VARSHINI, PATURI; BAYYAPU REDDY, K
    The present investigation was carried out in the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Advanced Post Graduate Centre, Lam, Guntur (laboratory studies) and Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Jangamaheswarapuram, Guntur (field studies) during 2017-18 to study the influence of seed invigoration treatments on field performance and seed quality of aged seed of chickpea variety NBeG-3. Initially standardization was done to know the best duration of soaking for the hydration treatments in aged (Rabi, 2015-16 harvested) seed of chickpea variety NBeG-3. Hydration was done for various durations ranging from 2 to 24 hours with an equal increment of 2 hours and the seed quality traits were studied by testing in between paper method and sand method of germination. Among the hydration durations, highest germination (%), root length (cm), shoot length (cm), seedling length (cm), root / shoot ratio and seedling vigor index were recorded with 8 hours of hydration and beyond that the seed quality declined gradually upto 24 hours. Standardization was also done to know the best concentration of PEG and duration of osmo-conditioning in aged seed of chickpea. The aged seed was subjected to osmo-conditioning with different concentrations of PEG 6000 (0, -0.5, -1.0, -1.5 and -2.0 MPa) for various durations (3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 hours) and the seed quality traits were studied by testing in between paper method and sand method of germination. Among the various concentrations and durations, osmo-conditioning with -0.5 MPa PEG for 6 hours recorded highest germination (%), root length (cm), shoot length (cm), seedling length (cm), root / shoot ratio and seedling vigor index. The aged seed of chickpea was subjected to invigoration treatments viz., hydration, hydration followed by seed treatment with thiram, 50 ppm GA3, 2 % KH2PO4, 2 % CaCl2 and 2 % KNO3 for 8 hours and osmo-conditioning with -0.5 MPa PEG for 6 hours and shade dried to reach 9 % moisture content. The invigorated aged seed along with untreated aged (Rabi, 2015-16 harvested) seed and fresh (Rabi, 2016-17 harvested) seed was used for assessing seed quality and field performance. Among the invigoration treatments, seed treated with CaCl2 and osmo-conditioning with PEG showed significantly higher germination and other seed quality traits over untreated aged seed. The germination and seedling vigor index in CaCl2 treated seed were significantly higher than that in fresh seed also. In the field studies also, seed treated with CaCl2 showed highest improvement in most of the field parameters viz., field emergence, plant height at 60 DAS and maturity, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, seed yield per plant and seed yield per plot which were superior to that of untreated aged seed as well as fresh seed. Minimum number of days taken to reach 50 % flowering was recorded in seed treatment with GA3 followed by CaCl2. Seed invigorated with KNO3 and hydration also showed improved field performance in all the above mentioned parameters and was on par with the fresh seed. The seed yield recorded per plot was statistically superior in all the invigoration treatments over the untreated aged seed. The seed quality studies from the harvested crop indicated that there was no significant difference among the different invigoration treatments for seed germination but significant variation was observed for root length, shoot length, seedling length and seedling vigor index, which were highest in the seed harvested from invigoration treatment with CaCl2. The root / shoot ratio was highest in the harvested seed of KNO3 treatment. Correlation studies showed highly significant positive association of number of pods per plant, number of branches per plant, field emergence and plant height at maturity with seed yield. The increase in any of these traits led to increase in the seed yield. Path coefficient analysis revealed that plant population m-2, number of pods per plant, shelling percentage, seed yield per plant, field emergence, plant height at maturity and days to 50 % flowering had positive direct effects and number of branches per plant and 100 seed weight exhibited negative direct effect on seed yield. The present study proved that seed invigoration with 2 % CaCl2, 2 % KNO3 and hydration treatment may be suggested for improvement of seed quality and field performance in aged seed of chickpea.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF SEED INVIGORATION TREATMENTS ON FIELD PERFORMANCE AND STORABILITY OF AGED SEED OF GREENGRAM [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]
    (Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, 2017) LEELAVATHI, M; PADMA, V
    The present investigation entitled “Effect of seed invigoration treatments on field performance and storability of aged seed of greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]” was carried out at Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Jangamaheswarapuram, Guntur (field studies) and Department of Seed Science and Technology, Advanced Post Graduate Centre, Lam, Guntur (storability studies) during 2016-17. The seed of greengram cv. LGG-460 were invigorated by the hydration treatments viz., CaCl2 (2%), hydropriming, moringa leaf extract (5%), KNO3 (1.5%), hydroprimed and dry dressing with thiram (0.25%). Seed were also invigorated by dry dressing with bleaching powder (2g/kg of seed) and red chilli powder (1g/kg of seed). The invigorated seed along with the untreated seed (control) (aged and fresh seed) were used for both storability and field studies. Among the invigoration treatments hydroprimed and dry dressed with thiram exhibited the highest germination (93.7%) and field emergence (92.0%). Seed treated with red chilli powder and bleaching powder exhibited more plant height. Leaf area, number of leaves, number of branches were found to be superior in seed treated with bleaching powder, red chilli powder and hydro primed and dry dressed with thiram. However, days to 50% flowering was not influenced by the invigoration treatments. Treating of aged seed with bleaching powder, red chilli powder and hydroprimed and dry dressed with thiram increased the number of pods per plant, number of seed per plant, seed yield per plant and 100 seed weight. Shelling percent and harvest index were also high in hydroprimed and dry dressed with thiram treatment. Even during storage, among all the invigoration treatments, hydroprimed and dry dressed with thiram treatment performed well with respect to the seed quality parameters like germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight and seedling vigour index over the control. Though the hydroprimed and dry dressed with thiram treatment performed well in storage in first four months, the dry dressing treatment viz., bleaching powder and red chilli powder treatments gave good results compared to hydration treatments in maintaining germination percentage after six month of storage, where the germination percentage was on par with fresh seed. Correlation studies exhibited positive and significant association with seed yield for all parameters except germination and plant height. The present study proved that seed invigoration with bleaching powder @ 2 g/kg of seed, red chilli powder @ 1 g/ kg of seed and hydroprimed and dry dresssed with thiram @ 0.25% of seed may be suggested for improvement of field performance and storability of greengram seed.