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Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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20223
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Subject: Plant Pathology × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2022 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON Tobacco streak virus (TSV) CAUSING PEANUT STEM NECROSIS DISEASE (PSND) AND ITS INTERACTION WITH Groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV) IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.)
    (guntur, 2022-08-17) SARATBABU, K.; VEMANA, K.
    Groundnut is an annual legume crop grown in diverse environment over the world between 40oN and 40oS. Among the viruses infecting groundnut, Tobacco streak virus (TSV) causing peanut stem necrosis disease (PSND) and Groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV) causing Peanut bud necrosis disease (PBND) are major constraints for groundnut cultivation in India. Extensive survey was so far not conducted in groundnut growing districts of A.P. and very limited research was carried out regarding screening of groundnut genotypes against PSND in both field and artificial conditions in glass house. Cloning of resistant gene analogues (RGA), morphological and biochemical parameters responsible for resistance against PSND in groundnut genotypes were not attempted. Further, mixed infection of TSV and GBNV, and their combined impact on groundnut cultivation have not been studied to date. In this context, diagnostic surveys were conducted to determine the incidence of viral diseases in groundnut growing districts of Andhra Pradesh (A.P). Studies on identification of resistance sources against TSV in groundnut genotypes through natural infection and artificial sap inoculation, identification of resistance to Tobacco streak virus (TSV) using resistance gene analogue in groundnut genotype and interaction of TSV and GBNV in groundnut was carried out at Agricultural Research Station, Kadiri from 2017 to 2020. Roving survey was conducted for assessing the incidence of viral diseases in 12 districts of A.P. during kharif and rabi 2017-18. Major viral diseases such as PSND and PBND was observed during the survey. Mean PSND incidence was significantly higher in kharif 2017-18 (7.4%) compared to rabi 2017-18 (6.5%) in groundnut growing districts of A.P. The present study recorded PSND incidence for the first time from four coastal A.P. districts (Krishna, Guntur, Sri Pottisriramulu Nellore, Prakasham) with confirmation using DAC-ELISA and RT-PCR. The partial coat protein (CP) gene of TSV-GN-INDVP groundnut isolate shared wide range of nucleotide identities (80.72-98.62 %) with isolates reported globally. Present study isolate shared 97.97-98.51% xiv nucleotide identities with groundnut isolates and 97.51-98.62 % nucleotide identities with other crop TSV isolates from India. Of the 70 fields surveyed, spread over twelve districts of A.P., 66 fields showed infection of GBNV revealing wide spread occurrence of the disease in A.P. Roving survey revealed that PBND incidence was significantly higher in rabi 2017-18 (13.6%) compared to kharif 2017-18 (5.3%) in groundnut growing districts of A.P. Partial nucleocapsid (N) protein gene of GBNV-GN-BPIND groundnut isolate shared high range of nucleotide identity (78.66-98.48 %) with other GBNV isolates reported from different crops and locations. GBNV-GN-BPIND isolate shared 96.67-97.73 per cent nucleotide identity with groundnut isolates and 96.59–98.48 per cent nucleotide identity with GBNV isolates of other crops from India. Sixty-two genotypes (Elite, pre-released and interspecific cross derivatives) screened against PSND for two seasons (kharif 2017-18 and kharif 2018-19) by Parthenium infector border and natural conditions (without infector border). Field screening of genotypes revealed that the genotypes ICGV-06175, ICGV-06145, ICGV-06149 and genotypes viz., K-7 bold, Kadiri Lepakshi, K-9, K-1909 performed consistently highly resistant and resistant reaction respectively in field conditions for two seasons (kharif 2017-18 and 2108-19). Above resistant genotypes along with susceptible genotypes viz., ICGV07120, K-1811, Kadiri Harithandra, Kadiri Amaravathi, K-2269 (E), K-1482K-, ICG14373, K-1628 (HY), K-2270, GPBD-4, 1501 (FDR), 1559 (FDR), Kisan were selected for further studies under glasshouse condition to confirm their resistance against TSV by mechanical sap inoculation at 14 DAS. The per cent disease incidence was recorded 3-10 days’ post inoculation (DPI) ranged from 37.5 to 100% among the genotypes. The minimum incidence was recorded in ICGV-06175 and showed significant difference with other genotypes. The genotypes grouped under highly resistant, resistant categories in field screening became susceptible in glasshouse during TSV sap inoculation. The genotypes which are given highly resistant (ICGV-06175, ICGV-06145, ICGV-06149), resistant (K-7 bold, Kadiri Lepakshi, K-9, K-1909), susceptible (Kisan) reaction under field condition were selected to isolate RGAs using PCR based approach and successfully isolated RGAs from genomic DNA of TSV highly resistant, resistant and susceptible groundnut genotypes. As compared to highly resistant and resistant genotypes, susceptible genotype showed faint band amplification and analysis of derived peptide sequences revealed that deletion of amino acid sequence in P-loop motif and expressed shift of amino acids such as aspartic acid (D) to serine (S) and leucine (L) to valine (V) in non-TIR-NBS LRR sub family when compared to resistant and tolerant genotypes. In highly resistant genotypes RGA clones viz., RGA 12 (ICGV06175) and RGA14 (ICGV06145) in TIR- NBS LRR sub family expressed shift of amino acid leucine (L) to serine (S) when compared to resistant and susceptible genotypes. During simultaneous inoculation no synergism was observed between TSV and GBNV, while a slight antagonism was observed between these viruses. But this antagonism reaction didn’t help the plant in avoiding disease. Based on reaction under high disease pressure (using Parthenium infector border) under field condition and artificial sap inoculation under glasshouse conditions the genotype ICGV06175 was identified as highly resistant against PSND and can be used in breeding program as a resistant source against PSND. The isolated RGAs from groundnut genotypes can be used for characterization of different resistant genes and can be explored in the development of disease resistance molecular markers.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON INTERACTION DYNAMICS OF TRICHODERMA AND FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM IN RELATION TO WILT OF CHICKPEA
    (guntur, 2022-08-11) AMULYA, G.; ANIL KUMAR, P.
    In the present investigation on "Studies on interaction dynamics of Trichoderma and Fusarium oxysporum in relation to wilt of chickpea", 24 fields running across 12 villages in six mandals of Prakasam district, A.P were surveyed for the prevalence of Chickpea Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri (Foc). The Fusarium wilt incidence ranged from 59.88% to 100% indicating impact of disease. Twenty four each of Foc and Trichoderma isolates were collected from the surveyed villages and studied for variability along with one isolate each of Foc and Trichoderma collected from College Farm, Agricultural College, Bapatla. Variability in Foc isolates was assessed for morphological characters such as macro and micro conidial length and width and cultural characters viz. medium pigmentation, texture, colony elevation, growth habit, colony margin and nature of mycelium. Based on the characters studied, 25 test isolates of Foc were segregated into different groups. Variability in Foc pathogenicity was observed in pot culture as effect on seed germination and wilt incidence. All the isolates were found equally pathogenic in causing wilt, though variation existed in affecting seed germination. SCAR marker with an amplicon size of ~207 bp specific to Foc was developed from Foc0-12 RAPD marker sequence of AF492451.1 clone available in genbank NCBI. Specificity and reliability of the SCAR marker was further confirmed by assessing F. moniliforme, other species of Fusarium and different other genera for which the result was negative. xx Variability assessment among the 25 test isolates of Trichoderma used in the present investigation was studied using the cultural and morphological characters. The 25 test isolates, accordingly were identified as T. longibrachiatum (4 No.s), T. pseudokoningii (1 No.s), T. virens (3 No.s), T. aureoviride (2 No.s), T. harzianum (4 No.s), T. asperellum (7 No.s) and T. viride (4 No.s). Molecular analysis of Trichoderma isolates using ITS primers revealed two clusters with 61% similarity. Based on studies on in-vitro dual culture studies, volatile and non volatile metabolites of Trichoderma and volatile metabolites of Foc and compatibility with biorationals, Trichoderma isolate T 19001 was selected as the most potential isolate for biocontrol of Foc. T 19001 was found to be effective under green house conditions when integrated with panchagavya, by not only increasing germination, root length and shoot length of chickpea, but also significantly reduced the disease incidence over pathogen check. Pooled analysis of the field experiment conducted during rabi 2018-19 and 2019-20 to assess the biocontrol potential of T 19001 in integration with biorationals revealed that seed treatment with T 19001 + Panchagavya @ 10% resulted in maximum disease control (35.9%) of chickpea wilt complex, yield (1586.5 kg/ha) and B:C ratio (2.40) and was on par with Tebuconazole seed treatment (1672.0 kg/ha and 2.42 B:C ratio). Beejaraksha and beejamrutha were inferior to panchagavya either alone or in integration with T 19001. Studies on interaction dynamics of Foc and T 19001 in pot culture revealed that T 19001 could lower the population of Foc and thereby decreasing chickpea wilt incidence. Further, increased dose / cfu of Foc warrants increased dose / cfu of T 19001 indicating that dose of Trichoderma should depend on the cfu of Foc in soil for better disease management tactics.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    CHARACTERIZATION OF MAIZE BANDED LEAF AND SHEATH BLIGHT PATHOGEN AND ITS MANAGEMENT
    (guntur, 2022-08-11) GUNASRI, REDDI; PRASANNA KUMARI, V.
    In the present investigation on “Characterization of Maize Banded Leaf and Sheath Blight Pathogen and its Management”, survey during rabi, 2018-19 in five major maize growing districts of A.P. revealed BLSB to an extent of 61.35% (West Godavari), 58.05% (East Godavari), 46.87% (Vizianagaram), 25.85% (Guntur) and 23.02 % (Kurnool). In vitro studies on cultural and morphological variability of 18 R. solani f. sp. sasakii isolates obtained from maize growing areas of A.P. indicated that colony colour was initially white later varied to light yellowish brown (6/3-2.5 Y), light brown (6/3-7.5 YR), pale brown (6/3 10YR) and brownish yellow (6/6 10YR). Of the isolates RWGB-01, REGP-05, REGJ-07, REGK-08, RVZM-10, RVZB-11 were found superior in their radial growth (9.00 cm) with high growth rate (0.75 mm h-1). Four different growth patterns with profuse aerial mycelium were observed. Hyphal width among isolates ranged from 6.69 to 8.66 μm (RWGB-01). The sclerotia size varied from 0.93 (RKLC-18) to 1.86 mm (RWGB-01 and RWGN-03) and sclerotia weight ranged from 5.97 (RKLR-17) to 61.32 mg (RGUG-13). Time taken to form sclerotia varied from five to eight days with wide variation in colour. Three different types of sclerotial distribution were observed, i.e., aerial, surface and, surface and aerial. Five Different types of patterns of arrangement of sclerotial bodies in culture plates were observed. Sclerotia number ranged from 10 to 122. Two types of sclerotia textures i.e., rough and smooth were observed. xvii The incubation period varied from 72 to 120 h. Among all the isolates, REGP-05 isolate was found highly virulent with low incubation period (72 h) resulting in large lesions (22.43 cm) and highest PDI (49.33%). Molecular variability was determined for the 18 test isolates using four RAPD and two ISSR primers which resulted in a total of 108 bands with polymorphism having band size ranged from 300 to 3000 bp. Dendrogram obtained had two clusters (I and II), cluster I consisted of single isolate (RGUG-13) and cluster II consisted of remaining 17 isolates. Cluster I had 66% similarity with cluster II. The average PIC value (0.27) was similar to both the primers whereas average Rp value was high for ISSR primers (6.21) when compared to RAPD primers (5.92). Isozyme variability in esterase and peroxidase enzymes was determined for the R. solani f. sp. sasakii isolates. A total of 18 bands with Rm values ranging from 0.24 to 0.54 were obtained. Dendrogram obtained had three clusters (A, B and C). Cluster A consisting of two isolates RWGN-03 and RWGD-04 while cluster B consisting of four isolates (RWGK-02, REGJ-07, REGK-08 and RVZS-09). Cluster C was comprised of remaining 12 isolates. Cluster A was 60% similar to cluster B, C and cluster B was 75% similar to cluster C. Under in vitro conditions Karanj leaf extract @ 15% resulted in the maximum mycelial inhibition of pathogen (3.18 cm) followed by Karanj leaf extract @ 10% (4.12 cm) and Nerium leaf extract @ 5% (4.50 cm). Among all the tested cow based natural products (CBNP), Panchagavya was significantly superior in inhibiting the radial growth of the pathogen at all the concentrations, i.e., 5%, 10%, 15% (0.00 cm) and was on par with the cow urine @ 10, 15% (0.00 cm) and cow dung + cow urine @ 15% (0.00 cm). Pooled data analysis of both the seasons (rabi 2018-19 and 2019-20) revealed efficacy of Karanj leaf extract @ 15%+Panchagavya @ 5% in controlling the disease even two weeks after second spray (71 DAS) with low PDI (35.77%) and minimum AUDPC (670.60) compared to unsprayed check (1137.16). Treatment Karanj leaf extract @ 15%+Panchagavya @ 5% recoded maximum number of cobs/m2 (9), test weight (22.83 g), yield (7469.14 Kg ha-1) and B: C ratio (2.55) as against the control (1.43).