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Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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20241
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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × Author: K. AMARNATH × End date: 2024 × Start date: 2021 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC ANALYSIS FOR POD YIELD AND STEM ROT RESISTANCE IN PEANUT [Arachis hypogaea (L.)]
    (Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, 2024-04-26) K. AMARNATH; Dr. M. REDDI SEKHAR
    The present experiment entitled “Genetic analysis for pod yield and stem rot resistance in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)” was carried out in both stress (sick plot) and control condition at Dry land farm, S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh. Five lines viz., Kadiri-6, Narayani, TAG-24, ICGV 07262 and four testers viz., TCGS-1862, TCGS-2149, J-11 and CS-19 were hybridized in a Line x Tester design during kharif, 2019. The resulting 20 F1 crosses along with their parents were evaluated during rabi, 2019 under both sick plot and control condition simultaneously. The analysis of variance revealed the existence of substantial variation among lines, testers and F1 crosses for all the 23 traits. Based on mean performance and gca effects, the line i.e., ICGV-07262 and the testers viz., J-11 and CS-19 were identified as the best parents for yield and yield attributing traits in both sick plot and control condition. Hence, these parents and their crosses could be exploited for improvement of pod yield and its attributes in groundnut. The estimates of mean sum of squares due to lines, testers, crosses and their interaction showed significant variation for all the characters. The magnitude of SCA variance was higher than GCA variance for all the characters indicating the preponderance of non-additive gene action in the expression of these traits. On the basis of per se performance and sca effects, the F1 crosses viz., Kadiri-6 x CS-19, Narayani x J-11, ICGV-07262 x TCGS-1862 and ICGV 07262 x TCGS-2149 were found as superior crosses for yield, yield components and percent disease incidence (PDI) at maturity in sick plot and control condition and could be exploited to obtain desirable transgressive segregants in advanced generations with increased pod yield coupled with stem rot resistance. Based on heterosis ICGV-07262 x TCGS-1862 was adjudged as the best heterotic cross for pod yield plant-1 and percent disease incidence (PDI) at maturity among 20 F1 crosses. In overall, Narayani x J-11, Kadiri-6 x CS-19, xxii ICGV-07262 x TCGS-1862 and ICGV-07262 x TCGS-2149 were selected as desirable heterotic cross combinations for pod yield and its components coupled with stem rot resistance. Generation mean analysis of four crosses viz., Narayani x J-11, Kadiri-6 x CS-19, ICGV-07262 x TCGS-1862 and ICGV-07262 x TCGS-2149 for 20 yield and yield components deciphered the importance of epistatic effects in all the crosses for all the traits. Predominance of dominance gene effects were expressed for pod yield plant-1 in ICGV-07262 x TCGS-1862 and for kernel yield plant-1 in Narayani x J-11 under both sick plot and control condition. Significant additive x additive [i] gene effects were exhibited in the crosses viz., Narayani x J-11 and ICGV-07262 x TCGS-1862 in both sick plot and control condition for pod yield plant-1 while additive x dominance [j] gene effects were displayed in the crosses, Narayani x J-11 in sick plot and Kadiri-6 x CS-19 in control condition for yield and its attributes. Duplicate type of epistasis was involved in expression of pod yield and its components in all four crosses in both sick plot and control condition. Hence, biparental mating in early generations followed by selection in advance generations of all four crosses is advocated to isolate high yielding purelines in groundnut. On contrary, complementary type of epitasis was predominant in the cross, Narayani x J-11 for SLA at 60DAS, number of flowers plant-1 from 25 to 50 DAS and hundred kernel weight in both sick plot and control condition. Similarly, the cross ICGV-07262 x TCGS-2149 showed complementary epitasis for hundred kernel weight and dry haulm weight plant -1 in both sick and control condition while, ICGV-07262 x TCGS-1862 also displayed complementary epitasis for hundred kernel weight in both sick plot and control condition. Two or three cycles of intermating of selects followed by selection in later generation is suggested for exploitation of superior transgressive segregants in these crosses. The monogenic inheritance of stem rot resistance was confirmed in F2 generation of the crosses viz., Kadiri-6 x CS-19 and Narayani x J-11. Duplicate type of gene action involving two major genes was evident in inheritance of stem rot resistance in the F2 generation of crosses viz., ICGV-07262 x TCGS-1862 and ICGV-07262 x TCGS-2149, respectively. Significant and positive heterosis over mid parent, better parent and standard parent was displayed in the cross, ICGV-07262 x TCGS- 1862 with high inbreeding depression for pod yield plant-1 and kernel yield plant-1 in both sick plot and control condition indicating non additive gene action on trait governance and could be exploited through heterosis breeding. However, the cross ICGV-07262 x TCGS- 2149 exhibited significant mid parent heterosis, better parent heterosis and standard heterosis with low inbreeding depression in control condition suggesting the preponderance of additive gene action governing the trait expression and preceeding its suitability for advancement through recombination breeding. High frequency of transgressive segregants were obtained in F2 populations of ICGV-07262 x TCGS- 2149 (42.77%) followed by Narayani x J 11 (25.55%), Kadiri-6 x CS-19 (21.66%) and ICGV-07262 x TCGS-1862 (19.44%) for pod yield and its attributes. These crosses could be selected for xxiii recovery of transgressive segregants, which could be advanced in single plant progenies through later generations in pedigree breeding for development of high yielding purelines for yield and its attributes in groundnut. Disease reaction of genotypes to stem rot identified ten genotypes as immune (TCGS-1862, TCGS-2149, J-11, CS-19, Abhaya, TCGS-2018, TCGS 2197, TCGS-2196, TCGS-1877, TCGS-2015), one genotype as highly resistant (TCGS-2122), two genotypes as resistant (TCGS-2198 and TCGS-2015), 13 genotypes as moderately susceptible (Kadiri -6, TAG-24, ICGV-07262, ICGV 91114, ICGV-00350, Prasuna, JL-24, Kadiri -9, Kadiri Amaravathi, Bheema, TCGS-2160, TCGS-2200 and TCGS-1399) and four genotypes as highly susceptible (Narayani, Kadiri-7, Greeshma and TCGS-1522), respectively and could be further utilized in resistance breeding programme. Three SSR markers viz., DGR 294, DGR-470 and DGR-510 displayed 60.00 % of polymorphism among 30 groundnut genotypes. Among the polymorphic primers, DGR-294 was found as informative marker with PIC value of 0.24 and Heterozygosity value of 0.3. Hence, the primer DGR-294 could be employed as a reliable marker for marker assisted breeding programmes in groundnut.