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Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × Author: GALI SURESH × Start date: 2020 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON GENETIC DIVERGENCE AND STABILITY OF LARGE SEEDED PEANUT (Arachis hypogaea L.)
    (Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, 2023-12-03) GALI SURESH; D. LOKANADHA REDDY
    The present investigation entitled “Studies on Genetic Divergence and Stability of Large Seeded Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)” was carried out in four seasons viz., kharif 2019, summer 2020, kharif 2020 and rabi 2020-21. Observations were recorded for kernel yield and its component traits in kharif 2019 to study the genetic divergence, genetic parameters, character association and direct and indirect effects of characters on kernel yield among 65 peanut genotypes. Among sixty five lines, twenty six lines were chosen for stability analysis across seasons namely, summer 2020, kharif 2020 and rabi 2020-21 to study G × E interaction. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for yield and confectionery traits revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all characters studied in kharif, 2019. An analysis of genetic parameters reveled number of mature pods per plant, number of immature pods per plant, pod yield per plant, kernel yield per plant, 100 seed weight, free amino acids, total soluble sugars and oleic and linoleic acid ratio showed high variability (GCV and PCV), high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean, indicating the predominance of additive gene action in expression of these characters and direct selection will be effective in improvement of such characters. Diversity analysis showed that linoleic acid content contributed maximum variation to total variation. The 65 genotypes were divided into 10 clusters, with cluster IV having the highest number of genotypes (28) and clusters VI, VII and X had only single genotype. Maximum inter cluster D2 value was observed between cluster IX and cluster X. Cluster VI, VII, VIII, IX and X recorded high cluster mean values for most of the yield contributing and quality characters. PCA analysis revealed first five principal components PC 1 to PC 5 accounted more than 92 % of the entire variation and have latent roots greater than one. Results obtained from individual PCA (vectors X, Y, Z) and 3D plot graphed based on PCA loading scores (vectors X, Y, Z) of 65 peanut genotypes revealed that genotypes ICGV 03137 (cluster X), ICGV 171002 (cluster IX), ICGV 171004 (cluster IX) and ICGV 94215 (cluster VIII) were scattered relatively far away from other genotypes in this plot which indicates that they were more divergent and also confirming the Tocher‟s clustering. Intercrossing genotypes included in these clusters could be effective for creating variability in the respective traits. Character association revealed plant height, number of secondary branches per plant, number of mature pods per plant, number of immature pods per plant, pod yield per plant, 100 seed weight and protein content were recorded significant positive association with kernel yield per plant both at genotypic and phenotypic levels. On the other hand, character like days to 50 % flowering showed significant negative correlation with kernel yield per plant at phenotypic level but non-significant at genotypic level. Path coefficient analysis revealed number of mature pods per plant, 100 seed weight, number of secondary branches per plant and sound mature kernel per cent were leading in determining the kernel yield of peanut through direct positive effects and indirect positive effects via different yield attributing traits. Molecular diversity analysis revealed a total of 17 bands or DNA fragments found to be polymorphic and mean number of polymorphic bands per primer was 2.83. PIC values ranged from 0.423 for primer EM 18 to 0.742 for S 109 with an average of 0.572. The dendrogram analysis divided the total 65 genotypes into 10 diverse sub clusters. The grouping pattern of both PCA (4 groups) and PCoA (3 groups) very nearer to the dendrogram obtained through UPGMA based cluster analysis. The ANOVA of Eberhart and Russell model revealed significant differences among genotypes for all traits which indicates the presence of substantial variation in the per se performance of all the 26 peanut genotypes. Significant differences due to environments were observed for all traits except shelling percentage and palmitic acid content indicating that the environments in which the genotypes evaluated were quite variable. The environments + (genotypes × environments) interaction was also observed to be significant for all traits studied except for 100 seed weight and palmitic acid content indicating considerable interactions of genotypes with environments (seasons). Significant genotype × environment interactions (GEI) were recorded for all traits except for days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity and 100 seed weight which inferred that differential performance of peanut genotypes under diverse environments. Mean sum of squares due to environment (linear) were found to be significant for all traits except for palmitic acid content. Environmental index (I) revealed the fittingness of an environment for different traits of peanut. Plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of mature pods per plant, pod yield per plant, kernel yield per plant, sound mature kernel per cent and 100 seed weight were recorded higher positive values of environmental index in kharif season indicating that kharif season was congenial for most of the yield contributing traits than summer and rabi seasons. On the basis of stability parameters, none of the genotypes were stable for all the traits across the environments (seasons). Genotypes viz., ICGV 171334, ICGV 98432 and ICGV 99105 were observed to be stable across the seasons for high pod and kernel yield in conjunction with confectionary traits like 100 seed weight, protein content and oleic linoleic acid ratio.