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Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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Subject: Biotechnology and molecular Biology × Author: G. USHA × Start date: 2015 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEVELOPMENT OF DIGENIC LINES HAVING RESISTANCE TO BLAST AND BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT THROUGH MARKER ASSISTED SELECTION IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
    (Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, 2024-05-01) G. USHA; Dr. J.V. RAMANA
    Rice (Oryza sativa L.) being staple source of food for nearly 65% of the world’s population, plays a predominant role in global food security. However, rice production is constrained by several biotic and abiotic stresses. Among the biotic stresses, blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae and Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae are the important diseases as they cause significant yield reduction. Hence, developing disease resistance lines pyramided with two or more genes is viable and eco-friendly approach to achieve greater yields. Pyramiding of two or more effective resistance genes/alleles into elite rice lines enhances the durability and broadens the disease resistance spectrum. In the present study, four monogenic Improved Samba Mahsuri (ISM) lines, ISM-MLPi9, ISM-MLPi20, ISM-MLPi40 and ISM-MLPita having blast resistance genes Pi9, Pi20, Pi40 and Pita, respectively, were used as donors to transfer corresponding blast genes into the genetic background of recurrent parent, Improved Samba Mahsuri (ISM-MLPi54) which is an elite, stable line having medium-slender grain type possessing three BLB genes (Xa21, xa13 and xa5) and one blast resistance gene (Pi54) by employing marker-assisted backcross breeding strategy. The experiment was conducted for seven seasons from Kharif 2017 to Kharif 2020. Molecular characterization of parental lines using five blast resistant genes-specific/linked markers, viz., Pikh-MAS (Pi54), NMSM-Pi9 (Pi9), RM1337 (Pi20), MSM-6 (Pi40) and RM5364 (Pita) confirmed the polymorphism for the respective targeted genes among parental lines along with three BLB resistance genes-specific markers, pTA248 (Xa21), xa13 prom (xa13) and xa5FM (xa5). These genes-specific/linked markers were used for foreground selection during the introgression programme. Parental lines were screened with 1800 simple sequence repeats markers distributed uniformly over the 12 rice chromosomes and identified 104 polymorphic markers (5.77%) among the five parental lines used. A total of four cross combinations were effected to develop digenic lines carrying blast gene combinations of Pi54+Pi9, Pi54+Pi20, Pi54+Pi40 and Pi54+Pita through marker assisted backcross breeding strategy. Development of digenic lines with blast genes combination of Pi54+Pi9 using parental combination of ISM-MLPi54/ISM-MLPi9 (Cross-I) identified five homozygous BC2F2 digenic lines (ISM-DLPi54+Pi9-9-9-32-4, ISM-DLPi54+Pi9-9-9-32-7, ISM-DLPi54+Pi9-9-9-42-3, ISM-DLPi54+Pi9-9-9-42-18 and ISM-DLPi54+Pi9-9-9-42-23). In Cross-II (ISM-MLPi54/ISM-MLPi20), nine homozygous BC2F2 plants were identified as digenic plants (ISM-DLPi54+Pi20-20-5-65-2, ISM-DLPi54+Pi20-20-5-65-11, ISM-DLPi54+Pi20-20-5-65-15, ISM- ISM-DLPi54+Pi20-20-5-66-2, ISM-DLPi54+Pi20-20-5-66-11, ISM-DLPi54+Pi20-20-5-66-12, ISM-DLPi54+Pi20-20-5-66-16, ISM-DLPi54+Pi20-20-5-69-9 and ISM-DLPi54+Pi20-20-5-69-15) carrying blast genes combination of Pi54+Pi20. While, seven plants were identified (ISM-DLPi54+Pi40-40-3-120-2, ISM-DLPi54+Pi40-40-3-120-10, ISM-DLPi54+Pi40-40-3-120-12, ISM-DLPi54+Pi40-40-3-120-16, ISM-DLPi54+Pi40-40-4-122-5, ISM-DLPi54+Pi40-40-4-122-9 and ISM-DLPi54+Pi40-40-4-122-13) having Pi54+Pi40 genes combination in Cross-III (ISM-MLPi54/ISM-MLPi40). Similarly, in Cross-IV (ISM-MLPi54/ISM-MLPita), six digenic plants with genes combination Pi54+Pita (ISM-DLPi54+Pita-ta-9-256-2, ISM-DLPi54+Pita-ta-9-256-16, ISM-DLPi54+Pita-ta-10-270-12, ISM-DLPi54+Pita-ta-10-270-15, ISM-DLPi54+Pita-ta-10-272-14 and ISM-DLPi54+Pita-ta-11-273-9) were identified. The digenic blast lines pyramided with bacterial leaf blight genes (Xa21, xa13 and xa5) were identified by employing gene-specific markers in BC2F2. In the Cross-I (ISM-MLPi54/ISM-MLPi9), three BC2F2 plants (ISM-PYLPi54+Pi9-9-9-32-1, ISM-PYLPi54+Pi9-9-9-42-6 and ISM-PYLPi54+Pi9-9-9-42-9) homozygous for 5 genes (Pi54+Pi9+Xa21+xa13+xa5) were identified. Among these, ISM-PYLPi54+Pi9-9-9-42-9 had maximum recurrent parent genome recovery (RPGR) of ~96.8%. In Cross-II, a total of eight true BC2F2 plants (ISM-PYLPi54+Pi20-20-5-65-4, ISM-PYLPi54+Pi20-20-5-66-8, ISM-PYLPi54+Pi20-20-5-66-10, ISM-PYLPi54+Pi20-20-5-69-1, ISM-PYLPi54+Pi20-20-5-69-2, ISM-PYLPi54+Pi20-20-5-69-7, ISM-PYLPi54+Pi20-20-5-69-13 and ISM-PYLPi54+Pi20-20-5-69-14) were identified as homozygous for all five genes (Pi54+Pi20+Xa21+xa13+xa5). Among these, ISM-PYLPi54+Pi20-20-5-66-8 showed the highest (96.5%) RPGR. In Cross-III, four BC2F2 plants (ISM-PYLPi54+Pi40-40-3-120-7, ISM-PYLPi54+Pi40-40-3-122-4, ISM-PYLPi54+Pi40-40-3-122-6 and ISM-PYLPi54+Pi40-40-4-122-16) were homozygous for all the 5 targeted genes (Pi54+Pi40+Xa21+xa13+xa5). Among them, ISM-PYLPi54+Pi40-40-4-122-16 showed the highest (96.4%) RPGR. Similarly, in Cross-IV five BC2F2 plants (ISM-PYLPi54+Pita-ta-9-256-8, ISM-PYLPi54+Pita-ta-9-270-2, ISM-PYLPi54+Pita-ta-11-270-3, ISM-PYLPi54+Pita-ta-10-272-2 and ISM-PYLPi54+Pita-ta-11-273-4) were identified as homozygous for all 5 genes (Pi54+Pita+Xa21+xa13+xa5) while, ISM-PYLPi54+Pita-ta-10-272-2 showed 95% of RPGR. The pyramided lines with blast and BLB genes from all cross combinations were evaluated for yield, yield attributing traits along with grain and cooking quality parameters including parents in BC2F2:3. Grain yield as high as 37.9 g plant-1 was observed among, some of the derived pyramided lines as compared to 36.20±0.2 g plant-1 of recurrent parent, ISM-MLPi54 indicating no yield penalty for resistance in the pyramided lines. The pyramided lines, ISM-PYLPi54+Pi9-9-9-42-9 (37.7 g plant-1), ISM-PYLPi54+Pi20-20-5-66-8 (36.8 g plant-1), ISM-PYLPi54+Pi40-40-4-122-16 (36.9 g plant-1) and ISM-PYLPi54+Pita-ta-10-272-2 (37.9 g plant-1) were identified as the best from four crosses and out yielded the recurrent parent, because of their more number of productive tillers per plant, high spikelet fertility (%), larger panicle length and higher thousand grain weight. The cooking quality parameters of pyramided lines developed from this study were similar to the previously released variety, Improved Samba Mahsuri. Pyramided lines obtained from four independent crosses were subjected to disease screening at seedling stage for blast with Magnaporthe and at maximum tillering stage with Xoo for BLB. All the pyramided lines showed high disease resistance reaction for blast (score 0-2) and few lines showed highly resistance (score 0) disease reaction and BLB (score 1). The pyramided lines, ISM-PYLPi54+Pi40 gene combinations showed very high levels of blast disease resistance (score 0). Thus, the developed digenic lines for blast are of novel importance for durable resistance breeding and serve as a valuable source for present and future blast resistance breeding. These lines needs to be further screened in Donor Screening Nursery (DSN) and in hotspots with differential isolates in order to confirm their stability and durability of resistance before their commercial exploitation. These pyramided lines may be utilized directly for release after further testing and evaluation.